Anatomy of the Heart
What does the superior vena cava do?
Returns blood to heart from the upper body
What is the tip of the heart called?
The apex
4
What makes up the pulmonary circuit?
pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins
Why is it helpful for capillaries to only have one cell layer?
it allows for easy exchange of gasses
What is the difference between the superior and inferior vena cavas? Be specific, which is which.
Superior returns blood from upper body
Inferior returns blood from lower body
What layer of the heart is the thickest and why?
myocardium, its the muscle and does the pumping
What are the 4 chambers of the heart?
Left atrium, right atrium. Left ventricle, right ventricle.
How does the blood flow? (Which direction)
Right to left
What way does the apex point towards?
left hip
What structures cover the atria?
auricle
What is the function of the fibrous percaridum?
provides protection and anchors the heart
The left atrium and ventricle have what kind of blood?
oxygenated
What is the difference between pulmonary and systemic circuits?
Pulmonary carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back
Systemic carries blood from heart to the body and back
What are the 3 types of blood vessels?
arteries, veins and capillaries
Which side of the heart has a thicker wall?
Left side
Name the walls of the heart from deep to superficial
Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
What structure separates the 2 sides of the heart?
Septum
What is the difference the pulmonary and systemic circuit relating to oxygen and CO2?
Systemic picks up CO2 and drops oxygen
In which type of blood vessels are gasses exchanged with surrounding tissues?
capillaries
What is the function of valves within the heart?
they prevent blood from flowing backwards
Fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium
What 2 chambers contain deoyxgenated blood?
What vessel returns blood from the heart to the upper body?
superior vena cavae
What 3 cell layers are found in arteries and veins?
tunica intima,tunica media, tunica externa