Valves
Another name for the left atrioventricular valve
mitral/bicuspid valve
What are the two discrete major blood vessels of the heart?
left main coronary artery and the right main coronary artery
What are the layers of the heart?
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium, and pericardium
filling of ventricles. Blood moves from atria to ventricles "Relaxation"
diastole
Receives oxygen depleted blood from superior and inferior vena cava
right atrium
Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
tricuspid valve
The posterior descending artery (PDA) originates from the
right main coronary artery (RCA)
What is the blood flow pathway?
blood from systemic circuit - sup & inf vena cava - R atrium - r ventricle via tricuspid valve - to pulmonary trunk and arteries via pulmonary semilunar valve- lungs - pulmonary veins - l atrium - l ventricle via mitral valve - aorta via aortic semilunar valve - bloow to systemic circuit
ventricles are contraction and blood is ejecting into ventricles Contraction "Ejection"
systole
Marks border between the atria and ventricles
Coronary Sulcus
"Back up plan" to help valves stay shut
chordae tendineae
Opens into the right atrium of the heart and serves to drain the coronary veins.
coronary sinus
Pressure on the heart that occurs when blood or fluid builds up in the space between the heart muscle (myocardium) and the outer covering sac of the heart (pericardium).
Cardiac tamponade
Stretch of cardiac muscle during diastole from ventricular filling. Stressor (blood volume) on the heart coming in from right side.
preload
Name a description about the orientation of the heart
Lies slightly left of midline to the midclavicular line Apex located approx. 5th intercostal space Sits on oblique angle to longitudinal axis Rotated slightly toward the left
More issues are seen with these valves due to increased pressure
mitral and aortic semilunar valves
Curves into the coronary sulcus and gives rise to diagonal branches as it curves toward the posterior surface of heart
left circumflex artery (LCX)
Cardiac Output=
heart rate x stroke volume
What node is found in posterior wall of right atrium
SA node
Name the segment that divides the left and right ventricles
interventricular septum
Which valve is the largest?
aortic valve
Also called the "widowmaker artery"
left main artery
Pressure that must be overcome for the aortic valve to open to eject blood
after load
What is the conducting system cycle?
SA node depolarization - Stimulus spreads across atria via internodal pathway – reaches AV node - Delay at AV node – atrial contraction begins - Impulse travels down interventricular septum via AV bundle (bundle of His) to the Purkinje fibers -Purkinje fibers relay impulse through ventricles – ventricular contraction begins
Expandable portion of an atrium is called
auricle