Heart to Heart
__________ _________ insure unidirectional blood flow through the heart
Heart Valves
Myocardial infarction refers to
the death of cardiac tissue due to cessation of blood flow
The cardiac tamponade represents:
The heart compressed by excessive pericardial effusion
Describe the significance of the P wave in the context of cardiac electrical activity.
The P wave indicates the electrical activity associated with the depolarisation of the atria, which is crucial for initiating the heart's contraction
What type of blood do coronary veins carry?
deoxygenated blood
What does the P wave on an ECG represent?
Atrial depolarisation
The major blood vessel draining deoxygenated blood from the myocardium is known as the
coronary sinus
What condition is characterized by heart compression due to excess fluid in the pericardial space?
Cardiac Tamponade
Describe the role of the right atrium in the circulatory system.
the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it into then right ventricle
What is a key structural difference between arteries and veins in the systemic circulation that relates to their respective functions?
They have a muscular layer to control blood pressure
Describe the role of Purkinje fibers in the cardiac conduction system.
If a patient experiences a myocardial infarction, which type of muscle tissue is primarily affected, and what is the implication for muscle contraction?
Cardiac muscle; it may lead to impaired contraction and reduced heart function
Describe the condition of pericarditis and its potential impact on heart function.
Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium, which can lead to chest pain and affect heart function
If a patient presents with an abnormal P wave on their ECG, what condition might this indicate regarding their heart function?
Atrial enlargement or atrial arrhythmia
Describe the role of arteries in the cardiovascular system and how they differ from veins.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart under high pressure, while veins return blood to the heart at lower blood pressure
Describe the structural characteristics of cardiac muscle that differentiate it from skeletal muscle.
Cardiac muscle has a single central nucleus and is involuntary
In a scenario where a patient has narrowed arteries due to atherosclerosis, what impact would this have on blood flow and overall heart function?
It would reduce blood flow to the heart, potentially leading to increased heart workload and risk of heart attack
In a patient diagnosed with cardiac tamponade, which treatment option would most likely be necessary to relieve symptoms?
Pericardiocentesis
Which structure is located in the right atrial wall and generates impulses about 75 times per minute?
SA Node
The major blood vessel draining deoxygenated blood from the myocardium is known as the
coronary sinus
In the heart, voltage-gated K+ channels are present in _______ cells and contribute to the _______ phase of the action potential.
autorhythmic and contractile; repolarization
Describe the role of coronary veins in the circulatory system.
Coronary veins carry deoxygenated blood from the myocardium back to the heart
Describe how cardiac tamponade affects heart function and circulation.
Cardiac tamponade restricts the heart's ability to fill properly, leading to decreased cardiac output and impaired circulation
If the right atrium is unable to receive deoxygenated blood due to a blockage, what physiological consequence might occur?
Reduced blood flow to the lungs for oxygenation
If a patient has a blockage in their coronary veins, what physiological effect might this have on the heart muscle?
Reduced oxygen supply to the myocardium