This book surveyed all the property in England and allowed William the Conqueror to effectively tax his new kingdom.
What is the Domesday Book?
100
This "Empire", which was found in present-day Germany, was not a true empire and was rather a complex network of feudal lords and vassals who often only partially recognized the authority of the "Emperor."
What is the Holy Roman Empire?
100
The leader of this empire sent a letter to Pope Urban II asking for help against the Muslim Turks that were overrunning much of his lands.
What is the Byzantine Empire?
100
Although the Crusades were a military defeat, Europeans benefitted by establishing this type of activity along the old invasion routes.
What is trade and commerce?
100
This disease, brought to Europe by Gerbils from Asia via trade, killed over sixty percent of Europeans during the High Middle Ages.
What is the Black Death?
200
This man was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury by Henry II but insisted on upholding Church rights and was eventually killed for it.
Who is Thomas Beckett?
200
Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV sparred over this issue of secular rulers appointing bishops and other clergy members.
What is Lay Investiture?
200
Aside from increasing his power and sending the warlords of Europe elsewhere, Urban II hoped to heal this "split" between the Catholic and Byzantine churches.
What is a schism?
200
This civilization that the Crusaders battled against was also very advanced the taught Europe much in the areas of science, astronomy, philosophy, and mathematics.
What is Islamic civilization?
200
As a result of population decline, workers demanded high wages, resulting in this rapid rise in prices.
What is inflation?
300
English nobles forced King John to sign this document that greatly limited the power of the king and forced him to obey the law.
What is the Magna Carta?
300
Pope Innocent explained the power of the Church over the monarchs with this metaphor involving the sun and the moon.
What is "Just as the moon gets her light from the sun...royal power gets the splendor of its dignity from the papal authority."
300
After conquering this city, which was the jewel of the Holy Land, Crusaders massacred thousands of innocent civilians.
What is Jerusalem?
300
These types of learning institutions emerged during the High Middle Ages in order to train young men to work in the growing bureaucracies of monarchies and the Church.
What are universities?
300
This English professor attacked Church corruption and argued that Bible should be printed in the common tongue so that Christians could read it themselves outside of Church.
Who is John Wycliffe?
400
Philip IV and Pope Boniface VIII sparred over the King's attempts to tax the clergy. Philip sent troops to capture the Pope who escaped but eventually died. The Papacy was then moved to France which began this period of French royal control of the Papacy.
What is the Babylonian Captivity of the Catholic Church?
400
This alliance of city-states in Northern Italy helped stop Frederick Barbarossa from conquering Italy at the Battle of Legnano.
What is the Lombard League?
400
Aside from the prospect of material wealth, Crusaders were promised this by the Church.
What is the forgiveness of sins?
400
While the Church often found itself at odds with science, philosophers such as this man, tried to use logical reasoning to support religious ideas,
Who was Thomas Aquinas?
400
This weapon provided a great advantage to the English in the early stages of the Hundred Year's War, allowing them to slaughter mounted French Knights from a great distance.
What is the Longbow?
500
Parliament, unlike its French counterpart, the Estates General, gained this important power in the government that checked the power of English monarchs.
What is the "power of the purse."
500
Pope Innocent and Philip II launched this brutal crusade to crush a group of Christian reformers in France who wanted to return the Church to its simpler roots.
What is the Albigensian Crusade?
500
During the same Period that the Crusaders were fighting in the Middle East, the Christian Spanish Kingdoms in Spain launched this campaign to reconquer their lands from the Muslims.
What is the Reconquista?
500
This epic poem describes a man's journey to hell and purgatory and summarized Christian belief that your actions in life determine your fate in the after-life.
What is Dante's "Divine Comedy"?
500
The Hundred Years caused an increase in this feeling among French and English who now identified not as allied to certain lords or cities but countries.