Republican Ecuador
In which year did Ecuador officially become an independent republic?
1830
Which early Ecuadorian culture is recognized as one of the first known civilizations in the region?
The Valdivia culture
On which date did Ecuador experience its first movement toward independence?
August 10, 1809
Who was responsible for establishing Quito under Spanish rule?
Sebastián de Benalcazar
What city serves as the political and administrative capital of Ecuador?
Quito City
What activity was most common among Ecuador’s indigenous groups before the arrival of Europeans?
Farming / Agriculture
Which historical figure played a key role in Ecuador’s liberation?
Simón Bolívar
What year did the Spanish successfully take control of Quito?
1534
Who assumed the position of Ecuador’s first president?
Juan José Flores
Which coastal civilization is famous for its intricate pottery and artistic designs?
The Valdivia culture
Which military engagement in 1822 ensured Ecuador’s independence from Spanish rule?
The Battle of Pichincha
What was the official administrative authority governing Ecuador during colonial times called?
The Royal Audience of Quito
Which agricultural product was the primary driver of Ecuador’s economy during the late 1800s?
Cacoa
Which native group inhabited the highland region where the archaeological site of Ingapirca is located?
The Cañari people
Following independence, Ecuador initially became part of which larger political entity?
Gran Colombia
Which European power held political control over Ecuador throughout the colonial period?
Spain