The Birth of Journalism (1400–1799)
Around 1440, this German goldsmith invented the first printing press in Europe.
Johannes Gutenberg
This color-coded term in the 1890s described the exaggerated and sometimes fabricated news style used to boost circulation.
Yellow journalism
Established in 1917 by a bequest from a major newspaper publisher, these prestigious awards honor excellence in American journalism, literature, and music.
The Pulitzer Prizes
Launched in 2006, this microblogging platform altered breaking news delivery by limiting early dispatches to 140 characters.
A typesetting error in a 1913 edition of the New York World reversed the name of this brand-new puzzle from "Word-Cross" to its permanent modern name.
Crossword Puzzle
Ratified in 1791, this amendment prohibited the U.S. government from restricting freedom of the press.
In 1844, Samuel Morse sent the first commercial message using this invention, changing how fast news could travel.
telegraph
This 1970s political investigation by the washington post popularized investigative reporting, established the standard for protecting anonymous sources, and led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.
Popularized in the late 2010s, this phrase describes completely fabricated or highly sensationalized digital content.
Fake News
Invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler in 1884, this revolutionary machine cast an entire line of metal type at once, vastly accelerating newspaper production.
Linotype machine
This act, passed by the british parliament in 1765, taxed newspapers and legal documents, sparking resistance from colonial publishers.
The Stamp Act
Founded in 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones, this American newspaper aimed for objective reporting over sensationalism.
The New York Times
In the 1970s, These two Washington Post reporters became the gold standard for investigative journalism by mastering the art of following the financial trail and working with whistleblowers.
Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein
This serialized 2014 true crime production shattered download records and single-handedly launched the modern podcast boom for investigative journalism.
Serial
To ensure critical facts weren't lost if telegraph lines were cut during the Civil War, reporters invented this top-heavy structural style of news writing.
The inverted pyramid
This type of journalism dominated late 18th century America, where papers were funded by the Federalists or Jeffersonians.
The party press
Founded in 1846 by a group of five New York City newspapers, this massive cooperative news agency was created to share the cost of telegraphing Mexican War news.
The Associated Press
In 1971, The New York Times won a landmark Supreme Court case over these top-secret documents, establishing a historic precedent against prior restraint.
The Pentagon Papers
In 2013, journalists at the Guardian and The Washington Post shook global intelligence communities by publishing secret surveillance files leaked by this former NSA contractor.
Edward Snowden
This 1972 Supreme Court decision ruled that journalists do not have a First Amendment right to protect the confidentiality of their anonymous sources when called before a grand jury.
Branzburg v. Hayes
In 1644, John Milton published this famous polemic speech opposing state licensing and censorship, arguing fiercely for a free press.
Areopagitica
The New York Sun
New Journalism
Founded by Jonah Peretti in 2006, this digital publication proved that viral internet culture and quiz content could fund a serious, Pulitzer Prize winning investigative news division.
Buzzfeed
This type of investigative journalism relies on specialized reporters to systematically uncover institutional corruption over weeks or months.
Enterprise journalism