Created in 3000 B.C. in Asia for the purpose of calculating things.
What is an abacus?
100
Used from 1941-1956 in First Generation Electronic Computers. They are glass tubes with circuits inside and have no air inside of them, which protects the circuitry.
What are vaccuum tubes?
100
______________________was built in Britain to help them read the German code by a young Polish man who described the process on how to break the Enigma code.
What is UNIVAC?
100
From 1956-1963, these replaced vaccuum tubes.
What are vaccuum tubes?
100
_____________________________ financed the first personal computer developed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak called the Apple II.
Who is Mike Markula?
200
British scientist who invented the Difference Engine in 1822, as a means of calculating, but the calculator was never finished.
Who is Charles Babbage?
200
This person was the first recipient of computer science's first "Man of the Year" award, was a programmer for Univac, and found a moth stuck in a relay responsible for a malfunction-coined the term, “debugging” a computer.
Who is Rear Admiral Grace Hopper?
200
The German’s encrypted code used to transmit important and strategic war information.
What is Enigma?
200
Thomas Watson Jr., from IBM (formerly the Tabulating Machine Company), supplied a computer in 1953 called the _________________.
What is the Alto?
200
In 1971, this replaced the transistor 2,250 transistors
four-bit chunks (four 1’s or 0’s) and was called a “Microchip”
What is an Intel 4004 Microprocessor?
300
Used until the 1970's, it was based on Napier's rules for logorithms.
What is the Slide Rule 1630?
300
People who would calculate mathematical tables.
What are computers?
300
Calculations were needed in the United States called ______________________ for the war effort because they helped soldiers and commanders how best to use the artillery, but they could not be produced quickly enough.
What are firing tables?
300
The ________________________________ replaced the transistors to make computers smaller for NASA. These were transistors, resistors, and capacitors integrated together into a single “chip”
What are integrated circuits?
300
__________________________ decided to put the integrated circuits on a piece of silicon and created a microprocessor.
Who is Ted Hoff?
400
Created in 1833, it could store numbers, had a calculating “mill,” used punched metal cards for instructions, was accurate to six decimal places and was
powered by steam!
What is the Analytical Engine?
400
The instructions were put into these computers with ______________________.
What are punch cards?
400
_______________________, at the University of Pennsylvania’s Moore School of Engineering in Philadelphia, built a machine to develop firing tables called ENIAC.
Who is John Mockley?
400
Instructions for the computer that loaded each time a computer is started.
What is an operating system?
400
____________________________ , in 1968, was the first person to ever use a mouse and a keyboard.
Who is Doug Englebart?
500
Daughter of Lord Byron, the famous poet and also the Countess of Lovelace, this famous woman is credited as being the first computer programmer.
Who is Ada Augusta?
500
Herman Hollerith designed a machine to assist in calculating the 1890 Census and later assisted the railroads at his company called ____________________.
What is the Tabulating Machine Company?
500
His partner was named ______________________ and was a former graduate student there.
Who is Presber Eckert?
500
John Von Neumann, an advisor on ENIAC, at the University of Pennsylvania, wrote a paper on storing _________________________________ which could modify what it is being done with the computations.
What are internal instructions?
500
Person from Xerox, challenged scientists to build an easy to use personal computer.