Homeostasis
Organism's ability to maintain steady(stable) internal conditions
What is a homeostasis
An organism, a virus or a protein that causes disease
What is a pathogen?
What is another name for the 1st level of defence?
Physical and chemical barrier
Redness, swelling, heat and pain
What are the signs of inflammatory response?
Macrophage, T cells, B cells and antibodies.
What are some of the white cells that protect the body?
Are one way an organism can maintain homeostasis.
What are negative feedback loops
Fragment of genetic material (DNA or RNA), coated in protein
What is a virus?
Name 4 physical mechanisms of the 1st level of defence
Hair, skin, eyelids, cilia, eye lashes
They do not attack pathogens directly, but destroy infected host cells in order to stop the spread of an infection
How do Natural Killer Cells work?
It does NOT involve antibodies, and is most effective against virus-infected cells
What is a cell-mediated immune response?
A blood clot that results in the release of factors that stimulate more blood clotting at a wound.
Example of a positive feedback
Smallpox, Ebola, Flu
Example of viruses
Name 4 chemical barriers of body's 1st level of defence
Saliva, mucus, tears, sweat, stomach acid
Brings immune cells to the site of infection by increasing blood flow to the area
Some of the inflammatory response mechanisms
Once your body has fought a pathogen; it has T and B cells that remember it.
What are memory cells?
Insulin
Which hormone regulates the amount of glucose in the blood?
Typhoid, diphtheria, syphilis
Examples of pathogenic bacteria
They serve to move pathogens out of the respiratory system via a concerted sweeping motion.
What is cilia?
Present in mucosal lining of the nose, lungs, stomach, and intestines, act as a bridge between innate and adaptive immune system
What are dendritic cells?
Production of antigen-specific antibodies
What is a humeral immune response?
Hypothalamus
Which brain region is responsible for maintaining homeostasis in many body systems?
A eukaryotic organism, single- or multi-celled
What is a fungi?
Coughing, sneezing, urination
What is an example body's way to expel pathogens?
Cells that can roam inside and outside the circulatory system, absorb pathogens and release cytokines
What are macrophages?
They destroy toxic cells through apoptosis (destruction of internal organelle).
How do Cytotoxic T-cells operate??