Industrial Revolution Begins
When farmers used new tools, fertilizers and harvesting techniques to increase productivity which resulted in an increase in population. Many farmers had to find new work in city factories because they lost their farming jobs.
Agricultural Revolution
What does Laissez-Faire mean?
The government does not interfere in the economy by imposing regulations like taxes or restrictions on those who could trade.
What is capitalism?
Wealth creation, business competition, free trade, and limited government involvement (laissez-faire)
What does famine mean?
An extreme scarcity or shortage of food
What was the Meiji Restoration?
The time when Japan rapidly modernized and westernized following an end of an era of isolation
The change from making things at home by hand, to using machines in a factory
Industrialization
What is Division of Labor?
Separation of tasks so that workers may specialize and greatly increase output of products
Father of communism; wrote The Communist Manifesto
Karl Marx
Why did the potato blight impact poor Irish more than others?
Primary food source, British government limited their food options
Commanded a squadron of two steam ships and two sailing vessels that sailed into Tokyo harbor to force Japan to open their ports to trade with outside world.
Commodore Matthew Perry & US Navy
Invention of James Watt that ran on coal and powered the factories of the Industrial Revolution
Steam engine
Impacts of industrialization on working class
Terrible working conditions, very long shifts, low pay, cramped environment, dangerous machines, children workers
Identify one characteristic of communism.
a classless society, class struggle between the proletariat & bourgeoisie, all means of production would be owned by the community.
Why did the British government deny other staple crops such as wheat to the Irish?
Government was exporting and trading food to a greater profit overseas
Foreign policy of the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan from 1600-1853.
Isolation
Factors that led to the Industrial Revolution beginning in Britain
Location, geographic features, natural resources, Agricultural Revolution, large labor force, Age of Exploration, and colonial markets
Impacts of Industrial Revolution on cities
Terrible/unsafe living conditions, overcrowded, disease (Cholera), lack of sanitation, pollution, smog
Identify who the Bourgeoisie & Proletariat were.
Bourgeoisie = wealthy, business owners, "haves"
Proletariat = workers, "have nots"
Effects of the famine
Death due to starvation or disease, immigration, low birth rates, low quality of life
Effect of Meiji Restoration on Japan
Modern military (ex: trained soldiers & navy) Western science, technology, culture, clothing, architecture, education, art & literature imported, Meiji Constitution Bicameral parliament, Freedom of speech, writing, publication, meeting & association, Government led development of railroads & telegraphs, Banking system
Written work by Adam Smith that outlined the core characteristics of capitalism
Wealth of Nations
Economic impact of Industrial Revolution
A growing social class, promotion of education, “white collar” work, standardized pay for work, a better standard of living, movement from rural to urban
Strategies leaders used to meet their reform goals.
writing to newspapers, striking, damaging property, getting laws passed, creating committees, making propaganda, protesting, disobeying laws, starting riots
Identify one long term lasting impact of the famine.
Population has still not recovered from pre-famine numbers
Identify one long term lasting impact of the restoration?
Rapid technological advancement, Japan is a world power