Internet Basics
Define the Internet and its core purpose.
What is a global network of interconnected devices that share information and resources?
What is the primary function of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)?
What is ensuring reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of data?
Why is cybersecurity important?
What is to protect sensitive data, ensure privacy, and maintain the integrity of systems?
Describe the function of HTTP in Internet communication.
What is enabling the transfer of data such as web pages between clients and servers?
Describe the function of a router in a network
What is directing data packets between devices and networks?
What is meant by “packets” in the context of data transmission?
What are small chunks of data transmitted across networks to ensure efficient delivery?
What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
What is IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses and IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses, providing more unique identifiers?
What are some common cybersecurity threats?
What are malware, phishing, denial-of-service attacks, and data breaches?
What happens when you type a URL into a browser?
What is the browser sends a DNS request, retrieves the IP address, connects to the server, and loads the requested content?
What is the purpose of redundancy in Internet routing?
What is providing alternate pathways for data to ensure reliability and avoid outages?
Define latency and bandwidth and explain their effects on Internet performance.
What is latency, the delay in data transfer, and bandwidth, the amount of data transferred per second, affecting speed and responsiveness?
In what scenarios is UDP preferred over TCP, and why?
What are scenarios like live streaming or online gaming, where speed matters more than reliability?
What are some best practices for staying safe online?
What are using strong passwords, enabling multi-factor authentication, and avoiding suspicious links?
Describe the role of redundancy in Internet routing.
What is ensuring data can still travel even if one route fails, improving reliability?
Compare TCP and UDP and their use cases.
What is TCP is reliable and ordered, while UDP is faster and suitable for time-sensitive applications like video streaming?
Provide an example of how the Internet facilitates collaboration.
What is enabling real-time communication through tools like Zoom, Google Drive, and Discord?
Explain how DNS translates domain names into IP addresses.
What is by using a hierarchical system to map human-readable names to numeric IP addresses?
Provide an example of an ethical concern related to Internet use and its significance.
What is online privacy, which ensures users' personal data is not misused or shared without consent?
How does DNS caching speed up Internet connections?
What is by storing domain-to-IP mappings locally to reduce lookup time for frequently visited websites?
How does DNS caching improve Internet performance?
What is by storing IP addresses locally, reducing the need for repeated DNS lookups?
How do IP addresses ensure devices can communicate over the Internet?
What is by uniquely identifying each device and routing data to the correct destination?
How does TCP ensure all packets are received and in the correct order?
What is by assigning sequence numbers to packets and requiring acknowledgment from the receiver?
Explain how encryption works to secure Internet communication.
What is by encoding data so only authorized parties can access it using encryption keys?
Explain the process of an HTTP request from browser input to response.
What is the browser sends a GET request to the server, which processes it and responds with the requested data, like an HTML page?
Explain the significance of ethical considerations in Internet design and use.
What is ensuring fairness, privacy, and accessibility for all users?