Web Foundations
What is the physical infrastructure of interconnected networks that allows computers to communicate?
The Internet
What is a unique numerical ID assigned to every device on a network, acting like a digital home address?
An IP Address
Instead of one large file, information is broken into these small units to travel across the network.
Data Packets
The primary "language" or suite of rules used for all internet communication.
What is TCP/IP
This process scrambles data so that only authorized parties can read sensitive info like credit card numbers.
What is Encryption
What specific service runs on top of the internet and consists of websites accessed through a browser?
The World Wide Web
What system acts as the internet’s "phonebook" by translating human-friendly names into numbers?
DNS (Domain Name System)
These "traffic controllers" read packet headers and direct them along the most efficient path.
What are Routers
The "S" at the end of this protocol indicates that your web browsing session is encrypted and secure.
What is HTTPS
A digital filter that monitors incoming and outgoing traffic to block suspicious activity.
What is a Firewall
What powerful computers act as the "storage hubs" for data that clients (like laptops) request.
Servers
What is the newer version of IP addresses being introduced because we ran out of unique IPv4 labels.
IPv6
This part of a data packet contains the destination IP address and instructions.
What is the Header
This protocol is the specific "rulebook" used for sending and receiving emails.
What is SMTP
The concept of connecting everyday objects, like thermostats and trackers, to the internet.
What is the Internet of Things (IoT)
What type of company acts as your essential gateway or "front door" to the global network?
An ISP (Internet Service Provider)
What specific tool "resolves" a request when you type a URL like google.com into your browser?
DNS Resolver
The method of moving data where units are sent independently and reassembled at the destination.
What is Packet Switching
This protocol is used specifically for uploading or downloading large files to and from servers.
What is FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
A satellite project designed to bring high-speed internet to the most remote areas on Earth.
What is Starlink
What massive facilities house servers and require specialized cooling and backup power to run 24/7?
Data Centers
True or False: Computers communicate using words rather than numbers
False (They use numbers/IP addresses).
This happens to packets when they reach your device so the final webpage or file can be displayed.
What is Reassembly
While IP handles the addressing, this part of the protocol suite manages error-checking and the order of packets.
What is TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Two major challenges facing the future of the internet include high energy consumption and this "gap" in access.
What is the Digital Divide