Political Upheaval
What was the name of the groups that opposed the PDPA?
Mujahideen
What two countries competed for influence in Afghanistan?
U.S.A and the USSR
Mohammad Daoud Khan
What year did the Iran-Iraq War start?
1980
What was the religious majority in Afghanistan? Double points for naming the specific type
Sunni Islam
The establishment of the Islamic Republic.
Iran was close to which country before the revolution?
The United States
What major reforms did the Shah launch? Give one example for double points.
Land reform, women's suffrage, education expansion, industrialization and westernization projects.
The establishment of the new Islamic Republic ended how many years of monarchy in Iran?
2,500 years
What religion was the majority of Iran? Double points for the specific type
Shia Islam
After the Shah fled Iran, who returned from exile?
Ayatollah Khomeini
What country went into Afghanistan to help the PDPA?
The USSR
What type of rule did the Shah have?
Authoritarian
The countryside
Who was the leader of the Iranian Islamic Revolution?
Ayatollah Khomeini
How did the PDPA change religion in Afghanistan?
They reduced the power of religion in politics.
What event caused a period of sanctions to be imposed on Iran by the United States?
A group of Iranian students seized a U.S. embassy and took some Americans hostage.
What group conducted a coup in April 1978 in Afghanistan?
The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA).
What is a theocracy?
A government run by the religion
What was the name of the Islamic code of conduct that greatly influenced Afghan and Iranian policies?
Sharia Law
What was the name of the dynasty that ruled until the establishment of the Islamic Republic?
The Pahlavi Dynasty
What was the name of the United States operation that helped fund and arm mujahideen groups?
Operation Cyclone
Name a country bordering Afghanistan. Double points if you can name all four.
Iran, Pakistan, China, and the USSR.
When did the Soviets pull out of Afghanistan? Double points if you say the year the last soldiers left.
1988 and 1989
What is the difference between Sunni and Shia Islam in reference to politics?
Sunni Muslims believe their leader (caliph) should be democratically elected, while Shia Muslims believe the leader should come from the Prophet Muhammad's family.