Judicial Branch/ Dual Court System Basics
The article of the Constitution that describes the roles and responsibilities of the Judicial Branch
What is Article III?
The number of Supreme Court justices
What is 9?
If the Supreme Court thinks that a law passed by Congress violates the constitution, they would say it is this.
What is unconstitutional?
The side that loses a case has the right to ask a higher court to review their case. This action is known as this term.
What is appeal?
The Supreme Court has ruled that you cannot give this punishment to convicted people if they are juveniles when they commit the crime or are considered mentally ill.
What is the death penalty?
The primary job of the Judicial Branch
What is to interpret the laws?
Supreme Court justices (and all federal judges) serve for life, but they can choose to ______.
What is retire?
The person who nominates Supreme Court justices
Who is the president?
If a higher court changes the decision of the lower court, they have done this action
What is reverse (the decision)?
In the case of Tinker v Des Moines, the Supreme Court ruled that students do not shed their constitutional rights at this specific place.
What is school ("school house gates")?
The court system that deals with disputes between states or people who have committed crimes in multiple states
What is the federal court system?
Supreme Court Justices have life terms so that they do not have to be influenced by this when deciding cases.
What is public opinion or reelections?
The body of government that approves or rejects Supreme Court justices
What is the Senate?
Some court cases, like Brown v Board of Education, are significant cases that alter or change society. These types of cases are known as this term.
What is a landmark case?
Considering Supreme Court cases like Tinker v Des Moines, a student can demonstrate their 1st amendment rights as long as it is not considered this.
What is disruptive to the learning environment?
There are two types of court cases in the United States. This type of case would involve someone suing someone because they think they've done something 'wrong'.
What are civil cases?
The Supreme Court takes this percentage of the cases they hear every year (You must include the percentage and average number of requests they have every year).
What is 1% of 8,000?
Congress can do this if they think a judge has committed a crime.
What is impeachment?
Supreme Court Cases like Tinker vs Des Moines set the standard, rule, or guideline for future cases to be determined. The rule/ guideline for determining future cases is called ____.
What is precedent?
This 1st amendment landmark case determined that a student's freedom of speech is protected if it's off-campus (as long as it's not threatening speech).
What is Mahoney v BL?
This court system hears the majority of violent crimes, such as murder.
What is the state court system?
The majority opinion in a Supreme Court case is 5 or more justices. When 4 or fewer judges are in the minority, there opinion is called the minority opinion or ______ opinion.
What is the dissenting opinion.
The number of votes needed to reject or confirm a Supreme Court nominee
What is 51?
The Supreme Court examines laws and executive orders to see if they are constitutional or not. This is known as ____.
What is judicial review?
In addition to cruel and unusual punishment, the 8th amendment protects against this
What are excessive fines or bail?