What is the standard required for the Supreme Court to hear a case?
What is the rule of four?
100
How long is the term of a federal judge?
What is for life (during good behavior)?
100
The judicial philosophy of limiting the scope of judicial opinions
What is judicial restraint?
100
This ruling over-ruled Betts v. Brady by incorporating the 6th Amendment Right to Counsel
What is Gideon v. Wainwright
100
This ruling stated that school-sanctioned prayer is unconstitutional in public schools
What is Engel (v. Vitale)?
200
The order that signifies that the Supreme Court has agreed to hear a case
What is a writ of certiorari?
200
The term for the authority to hear a case.
What is jurisdiction?
200
An example of the judicial philosophy that led to landmark policy decisions is Roe v. Wade. What is the philosophy?
What is judicial activism?
200
This case began the process of selective incorporation by stating that civil liberties, such as speech, that are fundamental freedoms, must be protected by the states.
What is Gitlow (v NY)?
200
This case applied the exclusionary rule to deter illegal searches, to the states
What is Mapp (v Ohio)?
300
Interest groups and other concerned parties write these kinds of briefs to support or reject arguments in a case that is being heard in Court
What is amicus curiae?
300
The Supreme Court has two types of authority: to hear cases for the first time, and to hear appeals. What are the two terms for these two types of authority to hear cases?
What is original and appellate jurisdiction?
300
Which Chief Justice presided over "the most liberal court ever", ... this court made decisions such as Gideon, Engel and Miranda.
Who is Earl Warren?
300
This case set up a test regarding the wall of separation between Church and State, inc which a law must that a secular purpose, and its effect must neither aid nor inhibit religion, and which must not create excessive entanglement between government and religion. What was the name of this test (or the name of the case)?
What is the Lemon Test? (Lemon v Kurtzman)
300
This case struck down the University of California's affirmative action program because race was the sole criteria for a special admissions program. However, affirmative action was allowed if race is one of several factors.
What is Regents of the University of California v Bakke? (need Bakke in your answer)
400
The type of opinion that is written by a justice who agrees with the majority opinion but for different reasons.
What is a concurring opinion?
400
The practice of having Senators from a state with a Judgeship opening approve potential nominees to District Court.
What is senatorial courtesy?
400
This action was FDR's response to conservative decisions in Schechter Poultry v US, etc.
What is the Court Packing Plan?
400
What was the Court's ruling in Employment Division of Oregon v Smith: Did the State of Oregon violate the free exercise clause by denying unemployment benefits to workers fired fur using drugs (peyote) as part of a religious ceremony?
What is NO, it did NOT violate the free exercise clause.
400
In New York Times v Sullivan, what was the standard that must be met to prove libel?
What is actual malice?
500
The term for the reluctance/rarity of overturning precedents or settled law is what?
What is stare decisis?
500
The term for special courts created by Congress, such as Territorial Courts, US Tax Court, etc.
What is legislative courts (as opposed to Constitutional Courts from Article III -- District, Appeals, Supreme)
500
The more conservative Berger Court limited rights of defendants, as well as rights of the President, including which right in the case of Nixon v. US?
What is executive privilege?
500
What type of protected speech was flag burning ruled to be in Texas v Johnson?
What is symbolic speech?
500
In Griswold v Connecticut, a woman's conversation about birth control was protected by interpreting a class of rights based on several amendments (in this case, Amendments 1,3,4,9 and 14) ... ie. the right to privacy