Upper Respiratory
An adult presents with a nasal polyp. What would you not want to prescribe this patient?
Aspirin
Heather went for a hike in the mountains and decided to drink some questionably clean water. Later that day, her lips start to turn blue and the cut she got from tripping looks a little chocolate-colored. What treatment would you administer her?
Methylene blue and/or vitamin C
A mother with type 2 diabetes mellitus is 30 weeks pregnant. In anticipation of respiratory distress for the baby, what treatment could we go ahead and administer?
Jack was stirring the pot and got himself in a bit of a scuffle. Juliann decided to stab him in the back right side with the metal straw from her water bottle. The incision goes 4 cm deep on the 4th intercostal space. Which lobe of the lung is likely damaged?
Right lower lobe
Increased fremitus, dullness to percussion, and bronchial breath sounds
Consolidation
An adult presents with a single benign lesion in the larynx. What virus(es) are likely the cause?
HPV 6 and 11
A patient goes in for an MRI and is found to have bilateral globus pallidus lesions. He has been using gas heaters inside his house for the past few weeks during the winter. What is his likely diagnosis?
CO poisoning
A patient who has been in the hospital for severe burns develops a secondary bacterial infection with a gram negative rod. There is no piperacillin or amino-glycosides at the hospital due to shortages. What is the mechanism of action of the drug now used to treat the infection?
Inhibits DNA topoisomerase
Which cartilage is the only cartilage to completely encircle the larynx?
Cricoid cartilage
Patient presents with decreased breath sounds, hyperresonant to percussion, decreased fremitus, and has a tracheal deviation away from the lesion
Tension pneumothorax
What virus is highly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
EBV
In what physiologic circumstance would someone start to get diffusion limited transfer of oxygen?
Exercising at high altitude
A woman presents with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and coarse reticular opacities. She also has uveitis and some redness on her shins. What can be used to treat her?
Steroids
After crying for days in anticipation of the pulm final, Jessica spends a day pondering the nasolacrimal duct. Where does the duct drain into?
Inferior meatus
Patient presents with decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, and decreased fremitus on the left side. On chest X-ray, the trachea is deviated towards the left.
Atelectasis
A 14 year old boy presents with recurrent nosebleeds and is found to have a tumor. What is the tumor, and is it benign or malignant?
Benign - angiofibroma
What is the equation to determine physiologic dead space?
NMDA glutamate receptors
Sensory - glossopharyngeal
Motor - vagus
Patient presents with a tumor compressing the stellate ganglion. What physical findings is she most likely to express?
Unilateral anhydrosis, ptosis, and miosis
Juliann presents to clinic with inflammation of the nasal mucosa due to an allergy. The inflammatory infiltrate is characterized by what type of cell?
Eosinophils
Does 2,3-BPG have a higher affinity for the gamma or beta chain of hemoglobin?
Beta
Jack ate some tropical fruit on his honeymoon that he didn't know he was allergic to. All of his airways closed and there was no epi pen in sight. In a last ditch effort to open up an airway, Grace needs to cut between which two cartilages with a shell she found on the beach?
Cricoid and thyroid cartilages
(why were we given permission to write questions??)
Which muscle of the larynx is solely responsible for opening the Rima Glottis?
Posterior cricothyroid
Patient presents with pulmonary edema, but Juliann is unclear when to listen for crackles. Where in inspiration or expiration would she most likely find them?
Late inspiration