Menstrual Cycle Basics
The "textbook" length of the menstrual cycle
What is 28 days
The structures in which the oocytes develop
What are follicles?
The two gonadotropins released from the anterior pituitary
What are FSH and LH?
The primary structure developed in the ovary during the luteal phase
What is the corpus luteum?
The name of the organ that forms the bridge from the nervous system to the endocrine system
What is the hypothalamus?
The average age of menarche
What is 12 years?
The number of the day in the ovarian cycle where the secondary oocyte is ejected
What is day #15?
The length of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle
What is 14 days?
The name of the primary hormone produced during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
What is progesterone?
What is the pituitary?
Normal number of days of bleeding in a single menstrual period
What is less than or equal to 8 days?
The name of the cells in the ovarian follicle that secrete estrogen
What are granulosa cells?
Any variation in the length of the menstrual cycle is due to variations in the length of this
What is the follicular phase
The name of the wall of cells on the outside of the ovarian follicle that has receptors for luteinizing hormone
What are thecal cells?
Five of the nine endocrine glands
What are the hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, ovaries, testes, pancreas and adrenal
The names of the 3 phases of the female reproductive cycle
What are menstruation, follicular/proliferative and luteal/secretory phases?
The number of eggs per each ovarian cycle that die off
What are 15-25?
Days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle are also called this
What is menstruation?
What is the structure responsible for initial production of HCG
What is the embryo?
The two hormones of the posterior pituitary
What are ADH and oxytocin?
The names of the 3 hormones produced by the ovary
What are estrogen, progesterone and inhibin?
The name of the hormone that is produced by the ovarian thecal cells
What is androsteindione?
Estrogen causes this type of feedback to the anterior pituitary resulting in ovulation
What is positive feedback?
Two of three of the effects of progesterone on the endometrial lining
What are increases glandular secretion in the endometrium, reduces contractility of smooth muscle in the uterine well and increases the blood flow to the endometrium by stimulating development of spiral arteries?
GnRh is the abbreviation for which hypothalamic hormone
What is Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone?