People in Society
Peasants who were tied to the land
Serfs
What weapon was used in jousting?
Lance
An elaborate colored page in a book
Illuminated Manuscript
Most fatal pandemic in history happened during the Late Middle Ages
Bubonic Plague or Black Death
Joan was nicknamed "La pucelle". What does that mean?
The Maid (or the virgin)
Supposed to protect serfs in return for their labor
Nobles or Lords
What is it called when an army camps around a walled city or castle in the hopes to either starve out the people or successfully attack it?
Siege
Name one weird thing that ended up in the doodles of manuscripts
Cats licking themselves, battle snails, battle rabbits, animals playing musical instruments, pooping monkeys death skeletons
How did the Great Famine of 1315-1322 pave the way for the Plague to be even worse?
Malnutrition weakened immune systems
The Dauphin Charles VII was crowned in what cathedra? Also, What does the title "Dauphin" mean?
Cathedral at Reims - where all French kings are crowned
Eldest son of King of France, the uncrowned prince
Nobles who were trained to fight and were law enforcers
Knights
What were the holes in the ceiling of castle gate houses called and what were they used for?
Murder holes - to dump coals, boiling oil, rocks, etc onto intruders
What hung on the walls inside a castle to make it more livable?
Tapestries
Give a reason for one of the many Peasant Revolts.
Landlords raised rents, stole from or cheated their tennants with legal protection. Peasants were taxed more than Nobles. Peasants were starving (famine & inflation), while Nobles had food. Peasants could go to prison or worse for hunting foraging on Nobles' land. Peasants used to be respectable as humans, but now scorned.
When Joan was given control of the Army, what did she do first?
Expelled woman camp 'followers' (unless married!); required soldiers to go to church & confession; outlawed cursing, looting, & harrassing civilians
People in Europe were under the threat of excommunication. What does that mean?
Kicked out of the church & society would shun you, your soul condemned to hell
What is one type of seige engine that knights used to take a castle?
Trebuchet (counterweight catapult), Ballista (giant crossbow), catapult, bombard (early cannon), petard (door bomb), or seige tower
What new invention allowed Cathedrals to have huge stained glass in the walls without the cieling falling in?
Flying Buttresses
Name one of the many wars fought in Europe from the 1300s to the end of the Middle Ages.
War of the Roses (civil war in England), Hundred years' war (England/Burgundy vs France), Polish vs Tuetonic, Byzantine vs Ottoman, Mongol raids in Russia, Burgundy vs Swiss, etc
Joan went to the aid of what city that had been under seige for 8 months and was the last holding back the English from taking all of southern France?
Orleans, Joan is also known as the Maid of Orleans
Who were members of Guilds?
People who all worked the same trade (bakers, blacksmiths, carpenters, stonemasons, etc)
When European Knights went to conquer the Holy land it was called?
The Crusades
What were the two styles of Cathedrals?
Gothic and Romanesque
Can you describe the difference?
What was the "Papal Schism"?
When one pope was elected in Avignon (France) and another in Rome and later a third in Pisa (Italy). It caused factions and fighting over who was the true pope, while the popes excommunicated each other.
Joan of Arc's last word as she was being burned at the stake.
Jesus!