Feudalism
Land granted to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service.
Fief
What were the Crusades?
A series of wars fought over control of the Holy Land (Jerusalem and surrounding areas)
What are the Holy Books of Christianity and Islam?
Christianity- The Bible
Islam- The Quran
What is another name for the Bubonic Plague?
The Black Death
Which Pope wanted to expand his power and have Europe go on a crusade?
Pope Urban II
A form of government in which loyalty is pledged in return for protection.
Feudalism
Who fought in the Crusades?
Christians (The Catholic Church) and Muslims (The Islamic Empire)
Who are the central people of Islam and Christianity?
Christianity- Jesus Christ
Islam- Muhammed
How many people died from the Bubonic Plague?
Around 200 million people.
What is a tithe?
A church tax
A landowner within the feudal system.
A Lord
What was the outcome of the Crusades?
The Muslims retained control of the Holy Land
Which faith refers to their god as “Allah?”
Islam
Why was the plague able to spread so rapidly through Europe? (don't put down rats or fleas)
Because of Trade especially on the Silk Road
What is the title for the head of the Catholic Church?
The Pope
From highest to lowest, what is the order of the 4 main social classes in the Middle Ages?
•Kings
•Nobles
•Knights
•Peasants
How long did the Crusades last in total?
200 Years
Where is the Holy Land located?
Jerusalem (Israel)
Where did the plague come from location wise?
Either Mongolia or Manchuria (China)
What happened to Europe after Charlemagne died?
Europe was broken apart into smaller kingdoms.
Why was there a need to create a new form of government in the early Middle Ages? (3 Reasons)
•The Roman Empire fell.
•A need for protection
•A need for central government
What are 4 reasons why the Catholic Church declared a Crusade against Islam?
1.Christians wanted to capture the Holy Land (modern day Israel) from the Muslims.
2.Pope Urban II wanted to expand his power.
3.The Byzantine Emperor wanted to regain territory from the Muslim Rivals
4.Merchants wanted to control Muslim trading centres and earn money from the crusades.
Why did everyday Europeans want to go fight in the Crusades?
Why did the plague doctors have those long beaks?
They used them to hold spices and herbs to keep the toxic air from infecting them.
Who united Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?
Charlemagne