The Middle Ages
This name comes from the fact that the time period fell in between the fall of the Roman Empire and the start of the Renaissance
What is/are the Middle Ages?
To reclaim the Holy land Jerusalem from Muslim control, protect the Byzantine Empire, and secure access to Christian sites, the Pope did...
Why did the Pope send the Christians to fight?
These military campaigns were called for by the Pope, the head of the Church, as an attempt to force Islamic peoples out of Israel/the Holy Land
What was the purpose of the Crusades?/What were the Crusades?/Why did the Church launch military campaigns?
The Crusade where the Christians claimed the Holy Lands and established the Crusader States from 1095-1099.
What is the First Crusade?
What event sparked the start of the Middle Ages
What were the causes of the crisis of the fall of the Roman Empire
Historians typically date them between 400 AD (CE) and 1400 AD (CE)
When did the Middle Ages occur?
As Rome fell, the Church distanced itself from the Roman Empire. It spread a message that the empires of kings (Rome) were only temporary but the empire of God (the Church) would last forever.
Why did people turn to the Church during the fall of Rome?/How did the Church become the most powerful entity in Europe?
Trade and Islamic military campaigns contributed to the spread of ______ in West Asia, North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) in the Middle Ages.
How did the religion of Islam spread during the Middle Ages?
Often referred to as the "King's Crusade" between 1189-1192. King Richard the Lionheart fought Saladin.
What is the third crusade?
This disease killed almost 1/3 of the entire European population
What is the Plague?/What is the Black Death?
A series of battle and military campaigns launched by the Christians in Europe against the Muslim rulers to try and reclaim the holy land of Jerusalem between the years 1095 and 1291.
What is the Crusades?
The people the pope sent into the Crusades to reclaim the Holy Lands.
What are the Christians?
A loosely organized system of rule based on land ownership
What was the purpose of feudalism?
The Crusade where the Christians sacked Constantinople instead of trying to claim Jerusalem.
What is the Fourth Crusade?
Did people in the Middle Ages think the Earth was flat?
What is no
Why might so many people have died during the Middle Ages?
Soil exhaustion from poor farming methods, overpopulation, wars and disease
People considered the Catholic Church the most powerful organization in the European continent because monarchs had to ask the Pope for blessings and the Church provided social services.
Why did people consider the Catholic Church the most powerful organization in the European continent?
These religions began trying to spread their religions to the same people in the same lands leading to conflict
How might the growth of Islam and Christianity at the same time lead to conflict?
The Crusade where the Europeans campaign failed when trying to recapture one of the Crusader States.
What is the Second Crusade?
Overpopulation led to people being crammed together in cities. What problem did this cause during the Middle Ages
How might overpopulation contribute to the spread of disease?
Historians would typically call the Early Middle Age this because lack of documents
Was the time period between 400 AD and 1400 AD a "Dark Age" in Western Europe?
After the fall of Rome, what became the most powerful organization in Western Europe.
What is the Church?
Serfs may want to rebel, landowners will try to keep their power and hire knights to enforce the rules
How might the hierarchal structure of feudal manors lead to problems?
When the 16 year old "Leper King" Baldwin the IV army of 500 knights defeated the great general Saladin's army of 25,000-30,000 knights.
What is the Battle of Montgisard?
As food became more scarce during famines, what gained more value overtime?
How might famines lead to an increase in the price of food?