Medieval Life
These armored warriors defended their lord’s land and followed a code of chivalry.
Knights
This teenage French girl led an army and became a national hero.
Joan of Arc
This period followed the Middle Ages and means “rebirth.”
Renaissance
Medieval people used these colorful windows to teach Bible stories.
stained-glass windows
This powerful medieval siege machine used a swinging counterweight to launch stones over castle walls.
trebuchet
Most people in the Middle Ages belonged to this class and worked the land.
Peasants
This scientist discovered gravity, wrote the laws of motion, and famously had an apple fall near him.
Isaac Newton
This word describes a major shift in how people understood science, starting in the 1500s.
Scientific Revolution
This famous Italian artist painted the Mona Lisa.
Leonardo da Vinci
This missionary is credited with bringing Christianity to Ireland and is remembered every March 17th.
St. Patrick
This kind of community revolved around farming fields, small villages, and a large house/castle.
Manor
This English king is remembered for defeating the Vikings and improving education, earning him the title “the Great.”
King Alfred the Great
This invention by Johann Gutenberg allowed books to be made much faster.
printing press
This medieval architectural style is known for its pointed arches, flying buttresses, and stained-glass windows.
Gothic architecture
This devastating plague killed millions in the 1300s and drastically reduced Europe’s population.
Black Death
This system divided medieval society into classes like kings, nobles, knights, and peasants—levels people were born into and rarely moved between.
Feudalism
He said the Earth moves around the sun, not the sun around the Earth.
Copernicus
What was one of the main reasons the Renaissance came about?
Fading feudalism OR the inventing of the printing press
Monks copied books by hand into these beautifully decorated manuscripts.
illuminated manuscripts
This Roman emperor made Christianity legal in the Roman Empire with the Edict of Milan in AD 313.
Constantine
Signed in 1215, this famous English document limited the king’s power and gave nobles certain rights.
Magna Carta
Unlike Alfred the Great, who defended England from Viking invasions, this ruler conquered England entirely in 1066 and became its Norman king.
William the Conqueror
This Renaissance artist painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Michelangelo
Name one new type of music that came out of the Renaissance.
motet OR polyphony OR imitation OR consort OR madrigal
This group of Germanic tribes settled in England after the Romans left, giving the country much of its early language and culture.
Anglo-Saxons