Land & people
Not a slave, but the lowest group of people on the social pyramid.
What was their occupation?
Serfs, they were bound to the land they lived on and were not able to leave. Their major occupation was farming (agriculture).
What was a major reason for the collapse of the Roman Empire? Give an example (2?).
Invaders/Barbarians: Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Franks, Huns, Vandals.
Code of conduct for Knights. Was not always followed as advertised.
Chivalry
Why were people not overly concerned with learning to read and write after the fall of Rome?
They wanted food and protection.
Which religion threatened to overrun Western Europe in the 700's AD.
Islam or Muslim.
Bonus (100 points): What is the difference between Islam and Muslim.
Land granted to a lord or vassal for their (promised) military service to a king.
Fief
Leader who conquered England from Normandy in 1066.
William the Conqueror.
They had near total authority over the peasants and serfs living in the Fief.
Nobles or Lords.
These people preserved written works after the fall of Rome.
Monks and Nuns
What are Sacraments OR give two different examples of Sacrements.
They are holy rites or rituals performed by the Church.
Baptism, Confirmation (Communion), Marriage, Death Rites (burial), Confession.
The actual estate where the lord lived, along with the peasants and serfs who worked the land and ran the estate.
The Manor
Modern day country where Normandy is located?
France
While not a king or noble, this person held significant political power over everyone in Western Europe during the Middle Ages.
The Pope.
Bonus (7 points): Where did the Pope live? (and currently lives)
What is a Monastery? What services could it provide?
It is where the Monks and Nuns live (they were separate buildings and locations.)
Services: education, healthcare, and welfare for the poor and sick.
Blaming Jewish people for [insert medieval event or issue here] and then actively persecuting them.
Anti-semitism.
System where Kings granted land to vassals in exchange for loyalty and military service. The peasants agreed to provide food and labor in exchange for protection.
Feudalism
Frankish Ruler who reunited much of the Western Roman Empire, he was a pretty great guy.
Charlamagne or Charles the Great.
Signed in 1215, it forced King John of England to accept that he could not raise taxes without agreement from the Nobles nor arrest people without cause. He had to follow the 'Rule of Law'.
The Magna Carta
Bonus (2 points): What does Magna Carta mean?
After 1215, when the Magna Carta was signed, the English set up a Parliament. What were the two main houses of Parliament?
House of Lords & House of Commons
Bonus (3 points): What are the two legislative houses called in the United States?
When the Church decides to deny a person (like a king) or an entire region access to the Sacrements.
Excommunication is for one person, an Interdict is for an entire region.
Who were the 'professional' soldiers? Who did most of the fighting and dying.
Knights. Peasant militia did most of the front line fighting.
Frankish leader who defeated Muslims attacking from Spain at the Battle of Tours.
Charles "The Hammer" Martel. Grandfather of another very important Frankish King (who then became emperor).
After the Magna Carta was signed, the King (and Nobles) had to actually prove someone was guilty. Who decided if a person was guilty or not?
A Jury.
Bonus (6+6 points): What does a Grand Jury do? What does a Petit Jury do?
This is a 500 point question? ... oh, well.
What did rich nobles and kings begin building to protect themselves? How does this show education was still happening during the "Dark Ages".
Castles. It took very skilled labor and training to design and build a good castle.
The Catholic Church hunted down and persecuted anyone they thought was guilty of heresy.
What was the 'hunt' called?
What is heresy?
The Inquisition
Beliefs or opinions that strongly contradicts Church teachings.