This group of people made up the largest part of the population in feudal society
Who are the peasants/serfs
100
During the Middle Ages, the Eastern Roman Empire was renamed The__________Empire.
What is Byzantine
100
The Crusades were holy wars between Catholics and _________ in the Middle East.
Who are Muslims (Seljuk Turks)
100
This Frankish King created a unified Christian Empire and further worked to unite his kingdom by fighting off invaders, promoting education, and further blending Germanic, Roman, and Christian traditions.
Who is Charlemagne
100
Priests celebrated mass and administered sacred rites of the Church such as baptism, communion, and marriage. These rites were known as ______________.
What are sacraments
200
Under Feudalism, knights received land from lords and nobles. In exchange they provided this service, _______.
What is military service
200
This strategically located harbor city was the capital of the Byzantine Empire, named by Emperor Constantine.
What is Constantinople
200
The pope promised Catholics forgiveness for their _____if they fought and died during the Crusades.
What are sins (wrong-doings, evils, etc.)
200
This Byzantine Emperor organized a collection of Roman laws which is named after him
Who is Justinian
200
The bubonic plague, a disease spread by fleas on rats, was also known as ___________.
What is the Black Death
300
This institution had great power over people during the Middle Ages because it decided who would achieve God’s salvation (eternal life in Heaven)
What is the Roman Catholic Church (the Church)
300
In Eastern Europe, the Hippodrome was a stadium modeled on the Coliseum of ancient Rome. Another great architectutral achievement of the Byzantine Empire under Justinian's rule was the _____________.
What is the Hagia Sophia
300
The chief goal of the Crusades was to re-conquer Jerusalem, which was also known as _____________.
What is the Holy Land
300
People were encouraged to join the Crusades during the Council of Clermont when this man gave a compelling speech full of promises and alleged atrocities committed by Seljuk Turks
Who is Pope Urban II
300
This system led to greater food production by enabling farmers to plant a spring and winter crop while leaving one field unplanted
What is the three-field system (three-field crop rotation)
400
A lord's estate was called a ____________. It was self sufficient and formed the foundation of the economy during the Middle Ages in Western Europe
What is manor
400
Today Constantinople is known as ________, the capital city of Turkey.
What is Istanbul
400
One result of the Crusades was an increased demand for goods such as _____from Asia.
What are spices (pepper, cinnamon, salt, ginger, saffron, and nutmeg). Or silk.
400
These peasants were bound to their noble's land
Who are serfs
400
This weapon gave the English an advantage in the Hundred Years' War
What is the longbow
500
During the feudal period in Europe, power and position in society were based on how much ____ you possessed.
What is land
500
This religion or cultural element spread from the Byzantine Empire to Russia
What is Orthodox Christianity
500
Besides increased cultural contact and trade, name 2 other effects of the Crusades
What is the weakening of the Byzantine Empire, increased power of monarchs (kings), religious intolerance
500
The Magna Carta was an important English document that limited the absolute power of the king and guaranteed people certain rights. Powerful nobles forced this king to sign it in 1215
Who is King John Lackland
500
The split between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches in 1054 became known as ______________