Petro-Market Civilization
According to Tim, what are the 3 missing links?
Energy, capitalization and social reproduction.
What percentage of Australia's Crude Oil is exported?
75%
True or false: Plastic can only be made from fossil fuels.
False, plastic can be made from hydrocarbons.
What was the outcome of combing technological innovation and fossil fuels in the locomotive industry during the industrial revolution?
The steam engine
Before the Industrial Revolution, what did farmers use as energy?
The sun.
Define social reproduction.
The way in which any given society produces, consumes and reproduces its lives and lifestyles.
In 2005, what was the US consumption of fossil fuels per capita:
a) 100 GJ
b) 170 GJ
c) 330 GJ
c) 330 GJ
What percentage of oil is used as the raw material in the production of plastic?
a) 98.5%
b) 98.8%
c) 99%
c) 99%
Which country is currently leading in sales of electric vehicles?
Norway.
We now use synthetic fertilisers in the agricultural industry. But before the Industrial Revolution, what was used as fertiliser?
Manure.
According to Tim, exploiting fossil fuels was necessary for developing which mode of capital?
A) Capital as profit made from unpaid labour
B) Capital that aids in production process
C) Capital as power
Answer C (Capital as power)
What function of the Royal Bank was introduced through capitalization that allowed the state to increase exploitation of fossil fuels and its capacity to do work?
National debt
The gasoline/naptha fraction in oil refining is used for what products?
Fuel for cars and plastic
As seen in Tim's lecture, transport is responsible for what percentage of global oil consumption:
a) 55%
b) 62%
c) 78%
b) 62%
What percentage of all natural gas is consumed in agriculture?
a) 61.2%
b) 47.4%
c) 80%
b) 47.4%
What is the Jevons Paradox?
The more technologically efficient societies become at extracting and using resources...the greater the consumption rate of that resource
Referred to in the lecture, what was the first notable company to monopolise energy as a commodity and producing for profitability sake?
The Hostmen of Newcastle
In the past 6 decades, 8.3 billion tons of plastic has been created, most of it ending up as polution. 9% of plastic has been recycled and 12% has been incinerated since its inception. What percentage of plastic isnt recycled?
91%
Name three transport fuel alternatives (to fossil fuels).
1. Biofuels (ethanol & biodiesel)
2. Gaseous fuels
3. Synthetic fuels
What are 3 ways to reduce dependence on fossil fuels in the agricultural industry?
Pasture-raised livestock, drip irrigation, non-synthetic fertilizers, no-till crop management, using more efficient machinery and equipment, reducing food processing and packaging, promoting decentralization of food production, improving efficiency of food transportation.