The study of chemistry begins with the basic unit of matter. What is that?
Atom
100
What is term that is identified by their mass numbers?
Isotopes
100
What is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions?
Chemical compounds
100
What is the name of the process that holds together atoms in compounds?
Chemical Bonds
100
Water covers how much of the Earth's surface?
3/4ths or 75% of the Earth's surface
200
What are the three subatomic particles that make up atoms?
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
200
Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain are...
Isotopes
200
NaCl (table salt) is composed of what individual elements
Sodium and Chlorine
Bonus: It forms sodium chloride
200
What type of bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
Ionic Bond
200
All molecules including the water molecule (H2O) have what type of electrical charge?
All molecules, including the water molecule (H2O), are neutral.
300
What is the chemical pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom?
(Chemical) Element
300
What type of isotopes nuclei are unstable and break down at a constant rate over time?
A radioactive isotope
300
What is the chemical shorthand that tells you the chemical compositions (so the individual elements) of compounds?
Chemical Formula i.e. H2O, CO2, NO2
300
An atom that loses electrons has a positive charge. An atom that gains electrons has a negative charge. What are these now positively and negatively charged atoms known as?
Ions
Na (ion)
Cl (ion)
300
The more protons in an atom's nucleus means it has a higher ______ to other atoms looking to bond with their electrons
a higher attraction
400
What are the specific electrical charges for protons, electrons, and neutrons?
Proton = Positively charged
Electron = Negatively charged
Neutron = No charge; Neutral
400
How is the mass number of an atom calculated?
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
400
What is a silvery metal that is soft enough to cut with a knife? It reacts explosively with cold water.
Sodium
400
What bond is formed when electrons are shared between atoms?
Covalent Bond
400
The ability to attract shared electrons; Some atoms are have a greater chance to be a flame to valence electrons moth
Electronegativity
500
What part of the atom holds the tightly bound together protons and neutrons in the atom? It is the center of the atom.
Nucleus
500
Why do all isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties?
because the number of electrons an atom has stays the same
500
What element is a poisonous, greenish gas that was used to killed many soldiers in World War I?
Chlorine
500
The structure that results when atoms are joined together by covalent bonds is called a ________? It is the smallest unit of most compounds.
Molecules
500
What is a molecule if there is an uneven distribution of electrons between the atoms that are bonded together?