Neurons and Impulses
Fibers of a neuron that carry information toward the cell body
dendrites
Disease of the spinal cord is caused by a virus that destroys motor neurons
poliomyelitis
transparent front portion of the eye
cornea
Functions primarily to coordinate skeletal muscle activity
cerebellum
cell type responsible for color vision
cone
Neurons that relay messages between other neurons
interneurons
Injury of the nervous system caused by an internal blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain
stroke
Inner layer of the eye that detects light and produces nerve impulses
retina
Primarily responsible for thought, memory, voluntary actions, thinking, and intelligence
cerebrum
Defective vision caused by an asymmetrically curved cornea
astigmatism
Long fiber of a neuron that transmits signals from the cell body to other nerve cells
axon
The snail-shaped structure of the inner ear that senses sound vibrations and generates nerve impulses
cochlea
tough, white, outer layer of the eyeball
sclera
Personality, judgment, self-control, and voluntary movement of skeletal muscles are controlled by this
frontal lobe
Division of the nervous system which includes the cranial and spinal nerves
peripheral nervous system
Neurons that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the body parts
motor neurons
Which nerve carries sound impulses from the inner ear to the brain?
auditory
region of the light-sensitive layer of the eye that produces the clearest vision
fovea
Lowest part of the brain stem which controls breathing and heartbeat
medulla oblongata
Any junction that allows an impulse to be transmitted from a nerve cell to another cell
synapse
A wave of electrical activity that transmits an impulse down a nerve
action potential
Sensory structures that contribute to balance
semicircular canals
produces tears
lacrimal gland
protective layers of tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord
meninges
The simplest type of nerve pathway, involved in a quick, automatic response to a stimulus
reflex arc