Basic anatomy
What is the main control center of the nervous system?
the brain
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
to transmit signals between different parts of the body
hich part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?
cerebellum
What part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
dendrites
Is the brain more active at night or during the day?
night
What is the long, thin structure that connects the brain to the rest of the body?
the spinal cord
What part of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements?
the somatic nervous system
which part of the brain controls voluntary movements and thinking?
cerebrum
What is the long projection of a neuron that transmits signals to other cells?
axon
What is the fastest speed at which a nerve impulse can travel?
120 meters per second
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
CNS and PNS
Which system controls the body's "fight or flight" response?
sympathetic nervous system
Which part of the brain controls basic life functions like breathing and heartbeat?
brainstem
What is the gap between two neurons called?
synapse
How many neurons are estimated to be in the human brain?
86 billion
What type of cells make up the nervous system?
Neurons
What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
to conserve energy and restore the body to a state of calm
What is the largest part of the human brain?
cerebrum
What chemical substances are released by neurons to transmit signals across synapses?
neurotransmitters
What is the disease characterized by progressive memory loss and confusion?
alzheimers
What is the protective layer that surrounds the brain and spinal cord?
meninges
How does the nervous system communicate with muscles?
through motor neurons
Which part of the brain is involved in emotions and memory?
limbic system
What is the insulating layer around many axons that helps speed up signal transmission?
myelin sheath
What is a common disorder characterized by seizures?
epilepsy