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What law forced sharecroppers to remain on the land until their debt was paid?
Crop Lien Law
What did many Mississippians not support, especially for blacks?
Public education
Who created a one-party system that aimed to favor white people in politics?
The Redeemer Democrats
What devastating event caused great hardship for Mississippi in 1927?
The Great Flood of 1927
What economic system relied on farmers sharing the crop with landowners?
Sharecropping
What three industries were strongly developed in Mississippi after the Civil War?
Timber, Railroads, Manufacturing
In what case did the Supreme Court rule that racial segregation did not violate the U.S. Constitution?
Plessy v. Ferguson
What were three voting restraints added to the Constitution of 1890 for Black men?
Literacy tests, Poll tax, Grandfather clause
What local areas became stops during the railroad boom of the late 1800s?
Hattiesburg and Sumrall
What is the term for the movement of many Black Mississippians to the north?
Black Exodus
What caused the convict lease system to become outlawed in 1903?
Convicts were being abused, overworked, underfed, poorly clothed, and housed.
What was the main idea reinforced about civil rights during the post-Reconstruction period?
Segregation in the South grew the racial oppression of African Americans.
Why were the political gains of African Americans during Reconstruction only temporary?
After federal troops withdrew, violence and intimidation kept Black men from voting.
What was the Mississippi Constitution of 1890?
A new state constitution that included Jim Crow laws with the intent to keep white Democrats in power and limit the rights of African Americans
What method was used to keep African Americans from voting by charging a fee?
Poll tax
What was one of the most significant industrial developments after the Civil War?
Railroad system
What legal provision allowed uneducated white men to vote without taking the literacy test?
Grandfather clause
What new state constitution included Jim Crow laws?
MS Constitution of 1890
What economic changes slowed recovery in Mississippi after the Civil War?
Fields were burned, labor systems were banned, and rail lines were destroyed.
What term describes the controversial labor system that leased convicts to private businesses?
Convict Lease System
Why were banks wary about loaning money to farmers after the Civil War?
They were unsure if there would be enough labor to have a successful crop and repay the loan.
Why did many freed African Americans remain in the South instead of migrating?
They could not afford to move.
Who worked to reestablish white dominance in Mississippi from the end of Reconstruction?
White Democrats
What industry provided jobs to thousands of people and used over two-thirds of the land area in MS?
Timber industry
Which voting restraint for African Americans allowed White men to vote?
grandfather clause