The Dual Revolutions
Liberalism
Nationalism/Romanticism
Utopian Socialism and Communism
Miscellaneous
100
The French Revolution began in this year.
What is 1789?
100
A synonym for free-market economics.
What is laissez-faire economics?
100
This famous German composer was a Romantic at heart.
Who is Beethoven?
100
Karl Marx's "fancy" name for the Middle Class.
What is Bourgeoisie?
100
Karl Marx wrote this famous pamphlet, in which he called for the working classes of the world to unite and "throw off their chains," in 1848.
What is The Communist Manifesto?
200
The French revolutionaries based many of their pro-reason, pro-science, pro-freedom ideas on this 18th-Century intellectual movement.
What is The Enlightenment?
200
Name three "freedoms" or "liberties" 19th Century liberals espoused.
What is freedom of? -assembly -speech -press -religion -trade (free market economy)
200
The Romantics were reacting against the cold rationality of the _______________(an intellectual movement) and the pollution, ugliness, and dehumanization caused by the ____________________. (2-part "answer.")
What is The Enlightenment? What is The Industrial Revolution?
200
The Utopian Socialists viewed ONE of the following groups as parasites and not useful to society: peasants, factory owners, artisans, factory workers, or aristocrats.
What are aristocrats?
200
The people from this occupation, who had been considered "Middle Class" in "Old Europe," lost income, human dignity, and status because of the Industrial Revolution's factory system.
Who are artisans?
300
This is another name for the urban working class who suffered so much hardship and poverty in the early days of the Industrial Revolution.
What is the proletariat?
300
!9th-Century Liberals favored this type of equality.
What is equality before the law/equality of opportunity?
300
An "us" vs. "them" mentality was one danger of this "ism."
What is Nationalism?
300
The Utopian Socialists and Communists shared this MAIN common goal.
What is to alleviate the misery of the urban working class?
300
The people from this class were considered the major "winners" of the Industrial Revolution.
What is The Middle Class (or the bourgeoisie?)
400
The Latin name for "private law"--laws which, in Old Europe, applied only to monarchs, aristocrats, and high-ranking Catholic clergy. (The French Revolutionaries sought to end this.)
What is privilege?
400
19th-Century European Liberals differ from 21st-Century American Liberals in that they favored a _________(sized) government than their 21st century American namesakes.
What is small/smaller
400
The fairy tales written by these famous brothers evoked a more natural, human, "old-fashioned," past than the reality of the industrial, modernizing present.
Who are the Brothers Grimm?
400
Karl Marx thought that Utopian socialism, trade/labor unions, and ___________ were inadequate responses to the exploitation of factory workers.
What is social reform laws/social welfare?
400
List at least 2 signs that "one had made it" and had to have to be considered "Middle Class" in the 19th C?
What is: -a wife who didn't work outside the home -at least one household servant -owned one's own business/practice--did not depend on an employer for a wage
500
The main goal of this 1815 peace conference was to restore order and a "Balance of Power" to Europe in the wake of the chaos wrought by the French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars.
What is The Congress of Vienna?
500
In this famous 1776 book______________(title), a Scotsman named _________________laid out his theory of the benefits of a free-market economy. (Need two "answers" here.)
What is The Wealth of Nations? Who is Adam Smith?
500
The following 'ism" would have had the most sympathy for Nationalism: Romanticism, Marxism, or Utopian Socialism.
What is Romanticism?
500
According to Marx and his main collaborator ________________(first and last name), main Nineteenth century "class struggle" was between the _______________ and the _____________(name two classes)
Who is Friedrich Engels? What is the bourgeoisie and the proletariat?
500
This "ism" can be considered a compromise between pure Capitalism and pure Communism. Under it, people enjoy democratic freedoms and can own private property. That said, people--especially high-income earners--are taxed at a high rate. Revenue from this is spent on "cradle to grave" benefits--such as daycare, college tuition, and old-age benefits for all.
What is Democratic Socialism?
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