Industrial Revolution
This is best defined as a period of rapid growth during which machines became essential to industry.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
British entrepreneur, invented a large spinning machine called a water frame in 1769
Who is Richard Arkwright?
True or False
Mill life was hard, the workday was 12-14 hours long; daily life was carefully controlled. Employees had to work harder and faster to keep up with new equipment. Cotton dust also began to cause health problems, such as chronic cough, for workers.
What is TRUE
During the 1800s the United States was transformed by a ________________ - a period of rapid growth in the speed and convenience of travel because of new methods of transportation.
What is a Transportation Revolution?
In 1832 Samuel F. B. Morse perfected _____—a device that could send information over wires across great distances.
What is the telegraph?
The invention of new machines in this country led to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
What is Great Britain?
skilled British mechanic, immigrated to the United States after carefully memorizing the designs of textile mill machines.
What is Samuel Slater?
organization of workers with a specific skill or from a single factory who tried to improve pay and working conditions for members.
What is a trade union?
In 1803 American _____ tested his first steamboat design in France.
Who is Robert Fulton?
Morse’s partner, ______, developed a system known as Morse code—different combinations of dots and dashes that represent each letter of the alphabet.
Who is Alfred Lewis Vail?
The shift to this kind of power meant factories no longer had to be built near streams, rivers or waterfalls.
What is steam?
Interchangeable parts sped up __________ , the efficient production of large numbers of identical goods.
What is mass production?
Sometimes, labor unions staged protests called _______ Workers refuse to work until employers meet their demands.
What are strikes?
Robert Fulton tested the first full-sized commercial steamboat, called ______ , in the United States.
What is the Clermont?
invented the steel plow that makes plowing the tough prairie soil easier.
Who is John Deere ?
The first important breakthrough of the Industrial Revolution took place in how ________ were made.
What is textiles or cloth items?
Slater’s strategy of hiring families and dividing factory work into simple tasks;
What is the Rhode Island system?
A strong voice in the union movement was that of millworker _________ . She wrote magazine articles and made speeches about working in the mills.
Who is Sarah G. Bagley?
Supreme Court ruling in 1824, reinforced the federal government’s authority to regulate trade between states and strengthened the idea that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns. The ruling freed up waters to even greater trade and competition within the shipping industry.
What is the case of Gibbons v. Ogden?
In 1831 ______ developed a new harvesting machine, the mechanical reaper, which quickly and efficiently cut down wheat. He began mass-producing his reapers in a Chicago factory
Who is Cyrus McCormick?
This inventor came up with the idea of using interchangeable parts.
Who is Eli Whitney?
an entrepreneur from New England, developed an approach to factories in the northeast based on water-powered textile mills that employed young, unmarried women from local farms.
Who is Francis Cabot Lowell?
The young women working in the mills soon became known as ______. The mills paid them between $2 and $4 each week. The workers were required to pay $1.25 for room and board.
What are Lowell girls?
Steam-powered trains had first been developed in Great Britain in the early 1800s. In 1830 ____ built a small but powerful locomotive called the Tom Thumb. He raced the locomotive against a horsedrawn railcar.
Who is Peter Cooper?
The sewing machine was one of these conveniences. It was first invented by Elias Howe, a factory apprentice in Lowell, Massachusetts. ____ then made improvements to Howe’s design.
Who is Isaac Singer?