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Which statement below is true about changing concentrations of salt in ocean water?
When evaporation of water from the ocean increases, salinity of ocean water increases.
Which organism is at the base of a marine food web?
phytoplankton
How can the over-harvesting of oysters affect the quality of water in an estuary?
increase in pollution usually filtered out by oysters
How much of the ocean has been explored?
5%
Which of the following nonliving resources are found in the ocean?
oil, salt, sand
Which will most likely result if there is increased upwelling?
more nutrients and more aquatic life
How do oceanic upwellings promote the growth of phytoplankton?
They bring dissolved nutrients to the surface of the ocean.
Which best illustrates how land and aquatic food webs can be interconnected?
land animals, like bears, eat fish
Where are coral reefs found?
warm, tropical waters
What causes surface currents?
wind
Which is the main source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean?
released from photosynthetic plants and plankton
El Nino affects the surface water temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. How does El Nino affect upwelling?
The nutrient-poor, warm water of El Nino replaces the cold, nutrient-rich water of upwelling
Which best explains why inhabitants of an estuary must adapt to frequent environmental changes?
the salinity of the water is constantly changing
Currents distribute _________ and __________ .
heat and nutrients
How is SONAR used to map the surface of the ocean floor?
Sound waves are emitted and bounced off the ocean floor to determine the distance from the receiver
Deep ocean technology has discovered organisms in hydrothermal vents that do not rely on sunlight to survive. What do these organisms use as their energy source and food?
chemosynthesis
In which zone of the ocean would the most photosynthesis occur?
photic
The ____________ is the warmest layer of the ocean.
surface layer
What are the 2 types of wetlands?
salt marshes and mangrove forests
Which describes an estuary?
A coastal inlet of a river where fresh and salt water mix to form brackish water
How do bacteria in hydrothermal vents produce food?
from chemicals released from the vents
As salinity increases, density __________
increases
Which dissolved gases are most needed by plants and animals living in the ocean?
oxygen and carbon dioxide
Organisms that live in an intertidal zone must be able to tolerate which changes?
changes in both temperature and salinity
Upwelling is the movement of ____________ and ___________.
nutrients and cold water