Who Am I?
We define ourselves and the structure of our daily activities
What is Micro Level?
Critics argue that police disproportionately enforce laws in these disinvested areas, often targeting low-income people of color.
What are low-income or minority neighborhoods?
Since 1991 the rate of violent crime in the United States has fallen by about 20%, while the number of people in prison or jail has risen by 50%.
How have incarceration rates increased despite a significant decline in violent crime rates over the past few decades?
Laws that restricted the freedom of african americans, such as curfews, annual work contracts and lotering
what were the black codes?
formed in 1838 after clashes between white anglo’s and Irish immigrants.
When was the Boston police formed?
focus on institutions like schools or workplaces
What is meso level?
Police often targeted minority neighborhoods for drug enforcement, a practice connected to this discriminatory housing policy.
What is redlining?
Black and brown American felony defendants have been more likely to be jailed before trial than white defendants which is about 10-25% more likely than white defendants.
How does the bail system unfairly treat people of color in court?
Rapid transformation of the American economy that made goods accessible through newly formed markets. In the north, this led the emergence of
factories, and led to the first wave of industrialization.
What's Market revolution?
A system where prisons led to prisoners to private companies and plantations as a labor source.
Convict-Leasing?
Connect local groups to larger systems, like city councils.
What is Meso Level?
These areas, historically marked as high-risk for loans, are still more likely to face heightened police surveillance.
What are redlined neighborhoods?
Black men are 2.5 times more likely to be killed than white men. American Indian men are between 1.2 and 1.7 times. Latino men are between 1.1 and 2.1 times. Asian/Pacific Islander men and women are 50% less likely to be killed.
What systemic factors contribute to the disproportionate police violence against men of color in the United States?
In this period southern police were the frontline force challenging Protesters
Civils rights era
Set of beliefs focused on limiting the rights and opportunities of immigrants in favor of "native" inhabitants.
Nativism?
Social injustice is tied to the macro level of identity and we cannot control those levels.
Social injustice is tied to which level?
The increased presence of police in areas with high displacement due to the Ellis Act is often related to this process, which affects neighborhoods economically and culturally.
What is gentrification?
In the LGBTQ+ community it was repoted that in 2019 gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals (with an arrest rate of 3,620 per 100,000) were 2.25 times as likely to be arrested in the past twelve months than straight individuals (with an arrest rate of 1,610 per 100,000).
How does it effect on minority groups like LGBTs?
Police led white mob to disrupt a black war veterans gathering. And continued into black neighborhoods burning homes, businesses, schools and attack residents.
What is 1866 Memphis?
More brutal, more power on drugs!
How did the War on Drugs in the 1980s change the approach of police to crime?
The macro level is related to the policing system.
Which level is related to Policing.?
The first was to control slaves, minorities and enforce racial rules. Now they abuse and discriminate.
Policing: Origin Vs. Today?
Policies, practices and an individual who penetrates the system, race may play a role.
What hold together the Criminal Justice System?
This period led to a massive transformation of economy, rapid urbanization and diversification of American Population.
Second wave of Industrialization.
Urbanizing, the rise of crimes, drugs and mental disorders
How did the industrial revolution impact U.S police growth?