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100
How do Pacific island people view the ocean regarding other islanders?
As connecting them, not separating them.
100
What are three materials the Pacific islanders use to make artwork?
Shells, fibers, feathers, coral . stone
100
Who were the prehistoric people that migrated to the Pacific islands and are the ancestors of many people there today?
The Lapita peoples began the Pacific pattern of migration, bringing their plants, animals, & culture with them
100
What is the Pacific islanders name of the vital force that needs to be protected?
mana
100
What is used to wrap items in order to protect the vital force?
tapa cloth
100
What is the function of Malagan displays and masks?
Ceremonies honoring the dead.
200
What gives life to artworks made for specific rituals?
The act of performance contains the work’s meaning; the objects in that performance contain no meaning unless brought to life by the rituals
200
What 2 skills were necessary to connect the different Pacific island peoples?
Shipbuilding and navigation.
200
What does Pacific Islands peoples gender have to do with making artworks?
Men and women used different materials.
Men: wood carving
Women: Tapa cloth
200
What are dress/costumes or masks made for?
Religious rituals
200
What is this?
navigational chart
200
How did the artist get the wood so smooth on the Nukouro Female Deity ?
Rubbed it with pumice stone.
300
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Malagan display and Mask
What is the function of these artworks, what do they represent, and what happens to them after the ceremony?
To honor the dead.
Spirits
They are destroyed.
300
Hiapo - tapa cloth, Niue people
Describe who made tapa cloth.
What material did they start with, and what was the entire process?
Women
Bark was wetted, then pounded flat into cloth, then painted.
300
Ahu'ula (feather cape)
What do the specific patterns represent, who wore these, and what does the color red represent?
specific lineage
male nobles
red indicated that the wearer was protected by the gods.
300
Female deity, Nukouro people
What two reasons were these made of smoothed wood?
So that they embodied local deities and could be adorned with feathers, paint, and woven fiber decorations.
300
Presentation of Fijian mats and tapa cloths to Queen Elizabeth II. Fiji people.
How do we know that this was an important ceremony, and what was the name for bark cloth in Fiji?
The presentation of tapa cloth and woven mats.
Masi
300
What two different purposes does Tapa cloth have?
Wrapping an object believed to have Mana - Tapa had spiritual powers.
Given or exchanged as a social gift.
400
For a Fijian ceremony, if a mat design was simple rather than complex what did this mean?
The more plain a mat design is, the more important the occasion.
400
In Hawaiian artworks, what kind of feathers became equally valuable to red feathers because they were scarce?
yellow
400
Why did the Rapanui people stop worshipping their ancestors? (represented by the Moai)
Their fragile ecosystem failed - from deforrestation and ecological collapse, possibly from a rat infestation.
400
Portrait of Tamati Waka Nene, Gottfried Lindauer
Why did Lindauer add traditional Maori clothing for European buyers of his Maori chief portraits?
Because Europeans weren't familiar with Maori traditional dress, and it seemed more exotic.
It made for better souvenirs bc it was more dramatic than depicting indigenous ppl in everyday European clothing.
400
Buk (mask), Torres Strait
What are the three registers?
How was this artwork meant to be viewed?
Turtle shell with a human face
Frigate bird
feathers
As part of a costume in a masquerade
400
Which way do Eastern Island Moai face, and why?
They face inland, their backs to the ocean.
To protect the inhabitants
500
What are three examples of how missionaries altered the artworks of indigenous Pacific islanders?
There aren't many Buk (masks) left, bc Torres Strait missionaries told the natives to burn their masks.
Staff god's originally had Phalluses, but missionaries removed these because they thought that was obscene.
European missionaries brought Samoan missionaries with them to Niue, who are thought to have introduced the ppl of Niue to bark cloth.
500
Which culture in the Pacific can this be attributed to, and give two pieces of visual evidence for your claim.
Torres Strait
Human features
Animal features
A layer of feathers that would create actual movement when the person moved.
The face looks similar to the turtle shell face of the buk in the 250.
500
What architectural complex that we studied would be closest in comparison to Nan Madol as far as context?
Justify your claim with two pieces of evidence.
Temple of Amun-ra and Hypostyle Hall
They are both situated on bodies of water.
Both had fertile soil for growing crops
Both had different rituals and activities in different parts of the complex.
500
Other than new types of rock, name three media (materials) that were used in Pacific island artworks that we haven't come across yet?
Feathers
Turtle shell
oil paint
500
Which Pacific artwork is described as Zoomorphic?
Define Zoomorphic.
Name Two other artworks we've studied so far that are also Zoomorphic or partially Zoomorphic.
Stairway of the Apadana (lions attacking some other animal)
Lamassu
Standard of Ur
Ibex Beaker
Apollo 11 Stone
Hall of the Bulls, Lascaux
500
What is an ahu?
How is the ahu spiritually connected to the Moai?
What is on the Moais heads, and what is the life force that it contains?
The rectangular base that the Moai sit on.
Its a tomb for the chiefs the statues represented.
Pukaos, Mana