Frankish Monarchs
Which Frankish monarch was crowned emperor by the pope, uniting most of western Europe under one empire?
Charlemagne
Of which kingdom was Charlemagne the king?
For defending the pope against Magyar invaders, which German king did the pope declare emperor of the (new) Holy Roman Empire?
Otto I
What is the name for the separation that occurred between the Pope and the Byzantine emperor?
The Great Schism
Who was the priest missionary sent to convert Ireland?
Patrick
Which Frankish monarch defeated the Muslim Empire at the Battle of Tours, saving Europe?
Charles "The Hammer" Martel
Which city had Charlemagne added to his empire by 814 A.D.?
Rome
What is the name of the father-son duo of German kings who tried to bring Germany and Italy under a strong central government?
Frederick (I and II)
What was the central issue of debate that led to a schism between the Byzantine empire from the rest of Christendom?
the use of icons
Which Grand Duke of Moscow became known as czar, a shortened form of Caesar, when he came to power?
Ivan III ("the terrible")
Who was the Frankish King that was the very first Germanic ruler to convert to Christianity?
Clovis
After Charlemagne's death, what made his empire susceptible to invasion?
The empire was divided into separate kingdoms.
Which German king was excommunicated from the Church?
Henry IV
Who did the Byzantines consider the sole leader of the Church?
the (Byzantine) emperor
Which ruler's marriage to the Byzantine emperor’s sister helped the spread of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Kievan Rus?
Vladimir
Who was the Frankish monarch that forced a Germanic group called the Lombards to leave Rome, and gifted the Pope with this land?
What was one of Charlemagne's central contributions as a monarch of his people?
advancing education
Amidst the ongoing dispute with German monarchs, which Pope issued a decree forbidding kings from appointing high-ranking church officials?
Gregory VII
What is the name of the Byzantine emperor who decreed that all images be removed from churches?
Leo III
With which two countries did the medieval state of Kievan Rus gained wealth through river trade?
Scandinavia and the Byzantine Empire.
a concordat
What aspect of writing did Charlemagne emphasize most when evaluating his scribes?
grammar
What foundational agreement authorized popes to only appoint church officials while monarchs may appoint government officials?
The Concordat of Worms
As the Byzantines had done in the early Middle Ages, what two vices were the clergy of the Catholic Church criticized for in the Late Middle Ages?
wealth and corruption
What is the name of the pope who brought about reforms in the Church and sent missionaries to England and Ireland?
Gregory I