Elements
What is the simplest type of substance made of only one kind of atom?
An element.
What does the atomic number of an element tell us?
The number of protons in the atom.
What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?
Periods.
Which element is found in water and stars?
Hydrogen.
What are the three main states that elements can be found in on Earth?
Solids, liquids, and gases.
How many protons does hydrogen have?
One.
What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?
Groups.
Which element gives life to all living things and is found in plants and pencils?
Carbon.
If you break an element into smaller pieces, what do you get?
Smaller pieces of the same element (not a new substance).
An atom has 8 protons. What element is it?
Oxygen
What kind of elements are found mostly on the left side of the table?
Metals.
What shiny yellow metal is used in jewelry and coins?
Gold (Au).
Name two ways the periodic table is like a “map.”
It organizes all elements and shows patterns in how they act.
Why does each element have a unique atomic number?
Because no two elements have the same number of protons.
What group of elements are gases that don’t react easily?
Noble gases (Group 18).
Which metal is used in buildings and is found in your blood?
Iron (Fe).
Why does everything in the universe — including you and stars — depend on elements?
Because all matter, including living things and stars, is made of elements.
Explain how the periodic table is organized using atomic number.
It is arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
Why were the lanthanides and actinides moved to the bottom of the periodic table?
To make the table fit neatly on a page.
Which lightweight metal is used in cans and airplanes?
Aluminum (Al).