Funding
Where does PES get their funds?
PES从哪里得到钱？
1. Designated tax revenues from fossil fuels and water
Money collected from taxes on fossil fuels and water use is used to protect forests.
用汽油、工厂、用水收来的钱，拿来保护森林。
2. Conservation and forestry trusts
Special funds are set aside to save money only for forest and nature protection.
把钱存进一个“森林存钱罐”，只给森林用。
3. Voluntary deals with semi-public and private companies
Some companies choose to pay money to help protect forests because they benefit from clean air and water.
一些公司自己愿意给钱，一起帮忙保护森林。
4. International loans and international agreements
Different countries work together by sharing money and making agreements to protect forests.
很多国家一起出钱、一起说好，要保护森林
Name one category of the PES payment program
PES支付计划的一个类别
forest protection, commercial reforestation, agroforestry, sustainable forest management, and regeneration of degraded areas.
森林保护、商业造林、农林复合经营、可持续森林管理以及退化区域的恢复
Define Forest Protection
定义森林保护
The conservation of forests: making sure the forests in their land isn't cut down
保证自己地里的森林不被砍伐，不砍自己地里的树
What percent of the water taxes were funded to PES?
水费的税收入中有多少百分比用于资助PES？
25%
Name one ecosystem service PES supports
列举一项PES支持的生态系统服务
carbon sequestration, hydrological services, biodiversity protection, and scenic beauty.
碳封存、水文服务、生物多样性保护和景观美学。
Define Reforestation
定义森林种植
planting new trees
用树木重新种植某个空白的区域
What is the environmental incentive of private companies of funding PES?
私立公司为什么会想去给PES钱？他们从中能得到什么？
These purchases could deduct tax and show the social and environmental responsibility of a company.
What is the most prominent type of land use？
哪种森林保护形势在PES最普遍？
Forest Protection
森林保护
Define Regeneration
生态重建
recovering degraded ecosystems to return them to a functional, diverse, and natural state
恢复退化的生态系统，使其恢复到功能健全、物种多样、自然平衡的状态。
Which stage in the program are funds from international loans and international agreements provided? beginning, middle, or towards the end?
该项目中的国际贷款和国际协议资金是在哪个阶段提供的？项目初期、中期还是末期？
Which kinds of subcategories is there in forest protection?
在森林保护中PES分为哪几个类别？
Forest protection (general), In conservation gaps, In zones of importance for water
森林保护（不符合后面提到的标准），保护空白区域，对水源至关重要的区域
Define forest management
定义森林管理
the process of controlling the use or exploitation of forested land
控制森林使用的流程和程度
What country did PES loan from?
PES从哪个国家得到过资金？
With the government of Japan, FONAFIFO made a deal with them to co-fund REFORESTA, a project focusing on helping small and medium-scale farmers participate in sustainable forestry through using a combination of PES payments and manageable loans.
FONAFIFO与日本政府达成协议，共同资助REFORESTA项目。该项目旨在通过结合生态系统服务付费和可管理的贷款，帮助中小规模农户参与可持续林业发展。
Why are subcategories necessary?
为什么需要很小的一些类别？
Sub-categories help enhance the effectiveness of this system by promoting for more protection at areas that are needy of these protection.
子类别有助于提高该系统的有效性，因为它能够为那些需要更多保护的区域提供更全面的保护。
Define Agroforestry
定义农林业
Combining forests with agriculture
将农业和森林有意地结合起来，以创造高效且可持续的土地利用方式