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What are the two main types of aggression?
Affective and Instrumental
The degree to which a collection of people feel like a group.
What is entitativity?
The expectation of being perceived by other people, particularly those in the majority group, in terms of group membership is referred to as:
What is stigma consciousness?
When we trust the people or groups with whom we are interacting and are willing to communicate and share with the others.
What is cooperation?
A negative attitude toward an individual solely on the basis of that person’s presumed membership in a particular group.
What is prejudice?
What are the main two regions of the brain that play a key role in fear and anger?
The hypothalamus and the amygdala?
A situation in which an individual profits from selfishness unless everyone chooses the selfish alternative, in which case the whole group loses.
What is a social dilemma?
Master status is the perception that a person will be seen only in terms of a stigmatizing attribute rather than as the _____ self.
What is the total self?
When groups are in competition for objectively scarce resources, this is called ___________.
What is realistic group conflict?
Refers to our judgments about whether or not a party is receiving a fair share of the available rewards.
What is distributive fairness?
The study where participants became the most aggressive when they were in a condition in which they were both angered and in the presence of a gun and a rifle shows this ____________ effect.
What is the weapons effect?
You are participating in a psychology study with another participant. The other participant is given $200 to share with you, but if you don’t accept the offer, you both get nothing. The other participant says he will give you $20 and keep $180. Do you accept the $20? This is a type of what type of decision making game?
What is ultimatum?
Negative attitudes or affective reactions associated with an outgroup for which the individual has little or no conscious awareness and that can be automatically activated in intergroup encounters.
What is implicit prejudice?
A game-theory strategy in which each participant mimics the action of their opponent after cooperating in the first round.
What is tit-for-tat strategy?
The cultural value placed on women’s appearance leads people to view women more as objects and less as full human beings.
What is objectification?
Men are typically more likely to be ____________ aggressive, whereas women are more likely to be ___________ aggressive.
What is physical and verbal?
People are less likely to perform optimally when they are part of a group is called ____________.
What is social loafing?
What is a stereotype?
This classic study of intergroup conflict and cooperation demonstrated how groups strongly favor their own members (ingroup bias), and how intergroup conflict can be resolved by the groups working together on a common task that neither group can complete without the help of the other group.
What is the Robbers cave study? (Sherif, 1954)
How can we reduce group think?
•Increasing group diversity and ensuring the presence of dissenting voices
•Reinterpreting group cohesiveness
•Encouraging individuality
What kind of parenting technique contributes to a child's tendency to behave in an aggressive and antisocial manner later in life?
coercive parenting styles, inconsistent discipline, and physical abuse
The tendency toward flawed group decision making when group members are so intent on preserving group harmony that they fail to analyze a problem completely.
What is group think?
These two personality traits can lead to prejudice and discrimination.
What is authoritarian and social dominance orientation.
a situation in which a gain for one side in a conflict necessarily means a loss for the other side or sides.
What is fixed-sum outcome?
List the four resulting personality types from the dual concern model of cooperation and competition.
What are problem solving, yielding, contending, and inactivity.