AGRICULTURE
Name one basic Mediterranean crop.
Wheat / Olive trees / Vines
What is livestock farming?
Raising animals for food, materials, or labor.
What is fishing?
Extracting food resources from seas, rivers, and lakes.
Name one raw material obtained from forests.
Wood, resin, mushrooms.
Name one type of landscape found in Spain.
Mediterranean, Atlantic, Volcanic
What is the difference between arable and agricultural land?
Arable land is only for crops; agricultural land includes livestock and forestry too.
What does “stabled” livestock farming mean?
Animals are kept indoors where their environment and diet are controlled.
What is the difference between coastal and offshore fishing?
Coastal: small boats near shore; Offshore: large ships far from coast using advanced tech.
What is deforestation?
The destruction of forests through logging, agriculture, or fires.
What type of climate characterizes Atlantic landscapes?
Wet, mild, with abundant rainfall.
Name one physical and one human factor that influence agriculture.
Physical: climate / soil · Human: technology / land ownership
Name two environmental problems caused by intensive livestock farming.
Manure pollution, methane emissions, deforestation for animal feed.
Why is overfishing a global concern?
Fish populations are declining faster than they can reproduce.
What is biomass and how is it related to forestry?
Organic energy from trees/plants used for heat, fuel, or energy.
Which landscape has rainfed crops like olives and almonds?
Mediterranean inland and coastal regions.
Why is traditional agriculture less productive than modern agriculture?
It uses less technology and relies on manual labor and natural processes.
Which Spanish regions are known for pig farming and why?
Catalonia and Aragon – specialization, proximity to industry and feed production
What are the main fishing grounds and what makes them productive?
Shallow continental shelves, nutrient-rich river areas, cold/warm current intersections.
Describe how forestry contributes to rural economies.
Creates jobs in logging, processing, and eco-tourism; supports local industry.
Explain the agricultural characteristics of the Canary Islands.
Subtropical, volcanic soil, advanced irrigation (bananas, sugar, potatoes).
Describe how relief and altitude influence agricultural practices.
Steep slopes hinder mechanization; higher altitudes lower temperatures and limit crop types.
Compare livestock farming in developed and less developed countries.
Developed: high tech, productivity, environmental impact; Less developed: traditional, low yield, subsistence.
Describe the EU's role in regulating fishing activities.
Sets quotas, protects ecosystems, negotiates international access rights.
How does forest degradation affect water systems?
Reduces water retentIion, leads to floods and water loss.
Compare the productivity of irrigated and rainfed crops in Spain.
Irrigated crops are more productive and intensive; rainfed crops depend on climate and yield less.