Reformation Causes
What was the main cause for the Protestant Reformation?
The Catholic Church was becoming increasingly corrupt. (Indulgences/ papal power / etc.)
a German theologian and religious reformer who played a key role in the Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
King Henry's son that reigned for a short time and turned England more Protestant
Edward VI
A protestant faith meaning "baptize again," this faith belongs to the Amish and Mennonite Communities
Anabaptist
A meeting called by the Pope to address Catholic reform; lasted 18 years and resulted in Catholics reaffirming their teachings
Council of Trent
What is an indulgence?
A type of pardon or forgiveness of sins granted by the Catholic Church in exchange for money.
Eventually the Holy Roman empire was forced to accept the co-existence of Protestants and Catholics in a reform act passed called the _____
Peace of Augsburg
This English monarch established the Church of England (Anglicanism) after the Pope's Refusal to grant an annulment to his first marriage, which eventually turned England more Protestant
Henry VIII
John Calvin's religious theory that God has already planned out a person's life - they will either go to Heaven or Hell.
Predestination
A meeting held to examine the issue of corrupt popes within the Church
Reform Commission of 1537
The idea of ___________ _____________ meant individuals could now think and reason for themselves, especially when it comes to religion.
Christian Humanism
What were Luther's 2 main objections to the Catholic Church?
1. the selling of indulgences
2. the Church's focus on worldly matters rather than the teachings of the Bible
This catholic English monarch has a reputation centered around the persecution and death of practicing Protestants.
Mary I (Bloody Mary)
This act allowed the king to be in charge of both the gov't and the Church and anyone that would speak out against him could be beheaded (such as Thomas More)
Act of Supremacy of 1534
Founded of Ignatious of Loyola, this group helped spread education about the Catholic faith including starting universities.
Jesuits
What device/invention allowed for the rapid spread of the Protestant beliefs and ideas?
The printing press
Document that challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and sparked widespread debate and controversy. Known as a key event that sparked the Protestant Reformation
Luther's Ninety-Five Theses
Reigned as English monarch for 44 years with widespread popularity; promoted the Church of England and the spread of poetry and literature (Shakespear)
Queen Elizabeth I
The Holy Roman Emperor called for Luther to recount his 95 These at the ___________________
Edict of Worms
This group was founded by St Francis of Assisi and was based on service to the poor and needy
Franciscans
With what action did Martin Luther start the Protestant Reformation?
Nailing his 95 Theses to the Wittenburg Church
Luther's impact on religious life during the Protestant Reformation led to the split of the Christian faith, creating different sects known as _____________.
Denominations
(Anglican, Lutheran, Calvinsm, Anabaptist)
A swiss reformer that believed that the church should be nothing "fancy" and that services could be simplified into prayer, sermons and singing
Ulrich Zwingli
This Protestant Group was also known as the Pilgrims and known for devotion to God, hard work, and sense of community.
Puritans
This group took devotion to the Catholic Church and was eventually responsible for the Inquisition (jailing and persecution of Protestants)
Dominicans