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What Greek words mean "love of wisdom," which became the origin of the word philosophy?
Philo and Sophia
Which method of philosophizing uses continuous questioning to examine beliefs and uncover truth?
Socratic Method
A personal belief or judgment influenced by feelings, experiences, or preferences is called what?
Opinion
What branch of philosophy studies morality through questioning and critical examination?
Ethics
What refers to the ability to make choices and take responsibility for those choices?
Freedom
A student asks, "Why do we consider something beautiful?" instead of simply accepting common beliefs.
What characteristic of philosophy is demonstrated?
Critical reflection
A student applies philosophical ideas about fairness and responsibility when deciding how to handle a conflict with a classmate.
What approach to philosophy is demonstrated?
Practical philosophy
A group discusses different viewpoints about an issue and attempts to reach a better conclusion through reasoning.
What method of philosophizing is demonstrated?
Dialectic Method
What is the difference between values and moral values?
Values are personal priorities, while moral values prioritize what is right and guide responsible action.
Which philosophical approach focuses on studying lived experiences and personal meanings?
Phenomenological approach
A researcher wants to know whether sleep affects students' academic performance. The researcher creates a hypothesis, gathers data, and analyzes results.
What method of philosophizing is applied
Scientific Method
"What do you mean when you say that someone is successful?"
The teacher wants to clarify the meaning of a concept.
What philosophical approach is being used?
Analytic Philosophy
A student says:
"I will not cheat because honesty is a responsibility, even if cheating would help me get a higher grade."
Which moral approach is demonstrated?
Deontological Ethics
A student claims:
"My favorite teacher is the best teacher in the school."
What type of statement is this?
Opinion
A researcher examines previous government responses to disasters to improve future disaster planning.
What method of philosophizing is used?
Historical Method
A student argues:
"One student failed in online learning; therefore, online learning is ineffective for all students."
What error in reasoning is committed?
Hasty generalization
A leader approves a policy because it creates the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people.
Which moral approach is reflected?
Teleological Ethics / Utilitarianism
A person says:
"Freedom means I can do whatever I want, regardless of how it affects others."
Why is this understanding incomplete?
Freedom requires responsibility, reflection, and consideration of others; it is not absolute.
A student evaluates an argument by checking whether the reasons actually support the conclusion.
Which criterion of argument evaluation is being applied?
Logic
A person chooses an action because it reflects courage, kindness, and good character rather than simply following rules.
Which approach to morality is demonstrated?
Virtue Ethics
A student says:
"Everyone in my class uses AI tools, so using AI to answer exams must be acceptable."
Identify the reasoning mistake and explain why.
Hasty generalization and/or rationalization. The person uses others' actions to justify behavior without examining whether it is right.
A student must decide whether to report a close friend who cheated.
Explain how the three moral approaches would analyze the situation.
A student says:
"Cheating on an exam is acceptable because I was only trying to help my family by maintaining my scholarship."
What mistake in moral reasoning is present?
Rationalization — the student excuses a wrong action by presenting a reason that makes it seem acceptable.
"What makes an action truly good? Is it the intention, the result, or the character of the person?"
Which philosophical concepts are being explored?
Moral reasoning and different ethical approaches (deontology, teleology, virtue ethics).
"People should be completely free because restrictions prevent happiness. However, society also needs rules to protect others."
Analyze this statement using the relationship between freedom and morality.
Freedom allows choice, but morality provides direction and responsibility. True freedom requires considering social norms, consequences, and the well-being of others.