Early Reconstruction
Men and women who'd been enslaved
Freedmen
This amendment banned slavery throughout the nation
13th amendment
To bring formal charges against the president.
Impeach
A racist white southern hate group that targeted blacks, Jews, Catholics, and anyone else who believed in equal rights.
Ku Klux Klan
A plan to end Reconstruction in the wake of President Hayes' inaguration
Compromise of 1877
The rebuilding of the south
Reconstruction
Laws that severely limited the rights of freedmen
Black Codes
This amendment forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
Fifteenth Amendment
People who rented and farmed a plot of land.
Sharecroppers
Required voters to pay a fee each time they voted
Poll tax
Ten Percent Plan
Politicians who vowed to take control of Reconstruction from President Johnson.
Radical Republicans
The name for white southern Republicans
Scalawags
Laws that kept blacks and whites separate
Jim Crow Laws
Required voters to read and explain a section of the Constitution.
Literacy test
A rival plan for Reconstruction that required a majority of white men in each southern state to swear loyalty to the Union.
Defined citizens as "all persons born or naturalized in the United States."
14th Amendment
Northerners who went south to help rebuild
A SCOTUS ruling stating that keeping blacks and whites separate but equal was legal.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Stated that if a voter's grandfather was not eligible to vote, he could not vote either.
Grandfather Clause
A government agency to help former slaves.
Freedmen's Bureau
This act threw out state governments that refused to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment-all former Confederate states except for Tennessee.
Reconstruction Act
He was the first black man to serve in the senate
Hiram Rhodes Revels
When southerners used vast natural resources to build up its own industry instead of depending on the north.
The legal separation of races
Segregation