Started by the Catholic Church in response to the success of the Reformation.
The Counter-Reformation
The word renaissance is French for what English word?
rebirth
What church needed reforming at this time?
The Catholic Church
"The Morning Star of the Reformation"
John Wycliffe
The most famous Renaissance patrons were members of which family?
Medici
The Church of England's other name.
The Anglican Church
What Reformation "spiritual awakening" was realized by Luther as a result of his studies?
Justification by faith (alone)
French Protestants were called this
Huguenots
He introduced the doctrine of "predestination" in Geneva, Switzerland.
John Calvin
What was the function of the "Inquisition"?
"Clean up the Catholic Church" by rooting out heretics and getting them to recant their beliefs (or else).
The principle that states that Scripture is the only reliable authority
Sola Scriptura
What priest did Luther get upset with for his scandalous ways of selling indulgences?
Johann Tetzel
Reformers argued that this should be the sole authority for the Christian faith.
Scripture, specifically, the Bible
The King of Spain, he led the Spanish Armada against Great Britain in 1588 (and lost).
King Philip II
Which English Bible translator successfully translated the Bible from Latin into English.
John Wycliffe
The people that believed that a person had to be baptized as an older person or adult.
They did not support infant baptism.
Anabaptists
What was the Peace of Augsburg?
An agreement, signed by Charles V that allowed each German Prince to choose either the Lutheran or Catholic Church for their regions.
What Bohemian Reformer was burned at the stake for his teachings?
John Huss
He convened the Diet of Worms to bring Martin Luther to trial or get him to recant his teachings.
King Charles V
Which Spanish king was England’s most formidable Catholic opponent?
King Philip II
Members of the Society of Jesus.
Jesuits
At Wittenburg, what Church practice did Luther most object to?
The Selling of Indulgences
Why did Pope Leo X order the selling of indulgences?
in order to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica
Who was Charles' chief rival, the king of France?
Francis I
What German developed movable type printing in Europe?
Gutenberg
A religious movement that reject the authority of the pope in favor of "scripture alone".
Reformation
What did Luther nail on the church door at Witenburg to protest the selling of indulgences?
95 Thesis
According to the Catholic Church, where did men do penance for their individual sins?
Purgatory
Leader of the Swiss Reformation
Ulrich Zwingli
The King (or Queen)
A member of a Christian church founded on Reformation principles (not Catholic).
Protestant
What caused an increased enthusiasm for the Bible in Germany?
Luther's translation of the New Testament
Where did the Protestant Reformation begin (what country).
Germany
Henry VIII's son who was only 9 years old when he became king
What ceiling depicts in fresco the story of Creation, the Fall, the Flood, and Redemption?
Sistine Chapel
The St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre was the
massacre of an estimated twenty thousand Huguenots.
What Pope began the practice of selling indulgences to make money for the Church?
Pope Leo X
What are the three key doctrines of the Reformation?
Scripture alone
Faith alone
Grace alone
Which English King (of the Tudor Family) led the break with the Catholic Church?
King Henry VIII
What was the primary reason Henry VIII of England broke from the Catholic Church?
He wanted a divorce.
A Renewed focus on man's responsibilities
humanism
When he did not recant his beliefs and writings at the Diet of Worms, what action did the Catholic Church take against Luther?
He was excommunicated.
The Latin phrase "sola fide" means what Biblical principle?
justification by faith alone
Who was the Roman Catholic queen of Scotland?
Mary Stuart
In 1588, the Spanish King, Philip II launched an attack on Protestant England. This attacking force would be called by this name.
The Spanish Armada
He founded the Jesuits (leaders of the Spanish Inquisition).
Ignatius Loyola
What hymn is Luther most remembered for writing?
This invention helped spread secular ideas and contributed to the weakening of the Catholic Church.
The Printing Press
This English monarch was very active in protecting her throne, fully embracing the teachings found in Machiavelli's "The Prince".
Queen Elizabeth I
This King of France had to convert to Catholicism to become king.
King Henry IV (Henry of Navarre)