Vocabulary
To cancel.
Annul
Where was Luther assigned to teach?
Wittenburg
What church needed reforming at this time?
The Catholic Church
"The Morning Star of the Reformation"
John Wycliffe
Who was the most famous Jesuit missionary?
Francis Xavier
The Church of England's other name.
The Anglican Church
What Reformation "spiritual awakening" was realized by Luther as a result of his studies?
Justification by faith (alone)
Who did the reformers consider to be the "head" of the Church?
Who did the Catholics consider to be the "head" of the Church?
Jesus Christ
The Pope
He introduced the doctrine of "predestination" in Geneva, Switzerland.
John Calvin
What was the function of the "Inquisition"?
"Clean up the Catholic Church" by rooting out heretics and getting them to recant their beliefs (or else).
The Calvinist doctrine that says God has decided all things beforehand.
Predestination
At the Diet of Worms, what was Luther's answer in relation to recanting his beliefs?
"Here I Stand"
(He did not recant)
Reformers argued that this should be the sole authority for the Christian faith.
Scripture, specifically, the Bible
The King of Spain, he led the Spanish Armada against Great Britain in 1588 (and lost).
King Philip II
Which English Bible translator successfully translated the Bible from Latin into English.
John Wycliffe
The people that believed that a person had to be baptized as an older person or adult.
They did not support infant baptism.
Anabaptists
Why did the Pope become interested in Luther?
Sales of indulgences dropped off.
Name the Catholic belief that says during Communion (The Lord's Table), that the wine turns into the blood of Jesus and the cracker/bread turns into the bones/body of Jesus.
Transubstantiation
He convened the Diet of Worms to bring Martin Luther to trial or get him to recant his teachings.
King Charles V
The followers of John Wycliffe in England were called...?
Lollards
Members of the Society of Jesus.
Jesuits
At Wittenburg, what Church practice did Luther most object to?
The Selling of Indulgences
Catholics believe that there are two things that must be present for the believer to go to Heaven. What are they?
Belief in the Lord
Good Works
A Reformation leader in Scotland. He would found the Presbyterian Church.
John Knox
"Here I Stand" is a phrase most identifiable to this Reformation leader from Germany.
Martin Luther
A religious movement that reject the authority of the pope in favor of "scripture alone".
Reformation
What did Luther nail on the church door at Witenburg to protest the selling of indulgences?
95 Thesis
According to the Catholic Church, where did men do penance for their individual sins?
Purgatory
She would be Queen of England in 1588. Her naval forces would defeat the Spanish with the help of the "Protestant Wind".
Queen Elizabeth I
Protestant
A member of a Christian church founded on Reformation principles (not Catholic).
Protestant
King Charles V
Where did the Protestant Reformation begin (what country).
Germany
A "Sea Dog" and sometimes pirate, he led the English naval fleet in their conquest of the Spanish Armada.
Sir Francis Drake
Name two Anabaptist groups that are still active in the world today.
Mennonites
Amish
A belief in non-violence.
Pacifism
What Pope began the practice of selling indulgences to make money for the Church?
Pope Leo X
What are the three key doctrines of the Reformation?
Scripture alone
Faith alone
Grace alone
Which English King (of the Tudor Family) led break with the Catholic Church?
King Henry VIII
What was the primary reason Henry VIII of England broke from the Catholic Church?
He wanted a divorce.
recant
When he did not recant his beliefs and writings at the Diet of Worms, what action did the Catholic Church take against Luther?
He was excommunicated.
What group of people began rejecting the ideas of and looking to the past?
Educated people
Which queen sought to restore the Roman Catholic Church in England?
Queen Mary I (Bloody Mary)
Another name for the Church of England is ...
The Anglican Church
Started by the Catholic Church in response to the success of the Reformation.
The Counter-Reformation
What is considered to be the greatest help for the Reformation in Germany?
Luther's translation of the New Testament into German (the vernacular)
This invention helped spread secular ideas and contributed to the weakening of the Catholic Church.
The Printing Press
This English monarch was very active in protecting her throne, fully embracing the teachings found in Machiavelli's "The Prince".
Queen Elizabeth I
The King (or Queen)
The Catholic belief that, in Communion Services, the bread and wine "actually" become the bones and blood of Jesus.
Transubstantiation
What hymn is Luther most remembered for writing?
"A Mighty Fortress is Our God"
Who was the leader of the Huguenots (French Protestants) who later became King of France.
Henry of Navarre
King Henry IV
In 1588, the Spanish King, Philip II launched an attack on Protestant England. This attacking force would be called by this name.
The Spanish Armada
What event became known as "The Peace of Augsburg".
An agreement, signed by Charles V that allowed each German Prince to choose either the Lutheran or Catholic Church for their regions.
20,000 French Huguenots were killed as a result of this event.
The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre
This King of France had to convert to Catholicism to become king.
King Henry IV
Three results of the Spanish Armada's loss to England are...
1. Preserved England from Spain and Catholic rule
2. Hastened the decline of Spain as a world power
3. England was established as a major sea power
What caused an increased enthusiasm for the Bible in Germany?
Luther's translation of the New Testament
The Catholic Church's response to the Reformation would be given this name.
The "Counter" Reformation
This was an effort to "clean up" the Church and root out Protestant heretics.
He founded the Jesuits (leaders of the Spanish Inquisition).
Ignatius Loyola
What group came to North America in order to purify the Church of England?
The Puritans