Introduction to the Renaissance
The period of great flowering of culture that began in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and spread throughout Europe from the 1300’s to the 1600’s
What is Renaissance?
Why was Florence called the cradle of the Renaissance?
It was the origin of the Renaissance and a leading cultural center with a big banking company.
Who made the art master pieces Mona Lisa and the Last Supper?
Leonardo De Vinci
What did the Roman Catholic Church sell to help people spend lesser time in purgatory?
indulgences
What were the three branches of Christianity?
Protestansim, Roman Catholic, and Eastern Orthodox
The three factors of the Renaissance
What is development of trade & commerce, growth of Italian city-states, and the renewed interest in classical Greco-Roman art and education?
Why did people go to Florence during the Renaissance?
To spend a high amount of money on art, architecture, and education by patronizing the creators. Other people go to Florence because of its strong economy.
Who sculpted the Italian Renaissance masterpiece David from 1501 to 1504 and made the painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Michelangelo
What is the Reformation?
It was a religious reform movement that swept through Europe in the early 1500s to the 1600s. It resulted in the creation of a branch of Christianity called Protestantism.
What were the two sacraments that were considered holy?
Baptism and holy communion
The type of philosophy grew rapidly at the Renaissance
What is humanism?
Who ruled Florence at the time of the Renaissance for 300 years?
The Medici Family
What are numerous 14-line poems written by William Shakespeare?
sonnets
What are the main causes why the Catholic Church weakened?
Corruption, political struggles, and humanist ideas.
What were the effects of the Reformation?
Religious wars (Thirty Years' War), persecution, spread of Christianity, and the rise of nationalism and democratic practices.
The Italian city-state that contained the most naval power and controlled most trade routes and were secured.
What is Venice?
During the Renaissance, rich families built private townhouses called?
palazzi
What is Miguel Cervantes most famous work?
Don Quixote
What are the 95' Theses and their main purpose?
It was a sheet that expressed Martin Luther's religious ideas about the religious authority and his questions about the Roman Catholic Churches practices and actions to challenge the members.
What is the Council of Trent?
The Council of Trent was a significant part of the Counter-Reformation, aiming to fight corruption in the Catholic Church and combat the rise of Protestantism. It clarified Catholic teachings and helped raise the moral standards of the Church's clergy and leadership, as well as unified the Church in its beliefs and practices.
The person of the Roman Catholic Church kept knowledge in ancient times alive by copying the original documents which reached to a few people.
What is the clergy?
What were the great advances in art in Florence?
It used perspective to make it look three-dimensional, geometry to divide the space in the painting, and anatomy to illustrate the outline of the human body. Science helped artists used new tools like thick oil-based paints for nice texture and details on the painting.
Who were the two people who believed the Earth revolved around the Sun during this time?
Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei
What is officially the State of the Church in Italy, were a collection of territories on the Apennine Peninsula under the direct monarch rule of the Pope from 756 until 1870?
Papal States
What factors marked the Age of Exploration?
The religious and political freedom, demands for goods, and advances in knowledge and technology (shipbuilding, weapons, cartography, and navigational tools).