Scientific Approach
Experimental Research
Descriptive/Correlational Research
Evaluating Research
The Internet and Ethics
100
Measurement and description, understanding and predicting, and application and control.
What are the goals of the scientific enterprise.
100
A research method in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result.
What is an experiment.
100
An in depth investigation of an individual subject.
What is a case study.
100
The repetition of a study to see whether the earlier results are duplicated.
What is replication.
100
Refers to studies in which data collection occurs over the web.
What is internet-mediated research.
200
A system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations.
What is a theory.
200
All subjects have an equal chance of being assigned to any group or condition in the study.
What is random assignment.
200
Jane Goodall conducted ground-breaking research on the social lives of chimpanzees employing this research method.
What is naturalistic observation.
200
Exists when a sample is not representative of the population from which it was drawn.
What is sampling bias.
200
Ethical dilemma involved with deliberately misinforming test subjects.
What is the question of deception.
300
Describes the actions or operations that will be used to measure or control a variable.
What is an operational definition.
300
Subjects who receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable versus subjects who do not receive special treatment given to the above mentioned subjects.
What are the experimental group and the control group.
300
High scores of X are associated with high scores on Y, and low scores on X are associated with low scores on Y.
What is an example of positive correlation.
300
Occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained.
What is an experimenter bias.
300
Principles in place to ensure the welfare of both human and animal subjects.
What are APA Ethical Guidelines for Research
400
1. Clarity and precision; requires specification of details and information regarding hypothesis. 2. Relative intolerance to error.
What are the two advantages of the scientific approach.
400
Any variables other than the independent variable that seem likely to influence the dependent variable in a specific study.
What are extraneous variables.
400
Permit investigators to see only whether there is a link or association between variables of interest.
What are descriptive/correlational methods.
400
Occurs when participants' expectations lead them to experience some change even though they receive fake or empty treatment.
What is placebo effect.
400
Data collected under far less controlled conditions and potential for sampling bias.
What is internet-mediated research.
500
1. Formulate a Testable Hypothesis 2. Select the Research Method and Design the Study 3. Collect the Data 4. Analyze the Data and Draw Conclusions 5. Report the Findings
What are the steps in a scientific experiment.
500
A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable. An experiment is conducted to verify its effect.
What is the independent variable.
500
Inability to determine if X causes Y or if Y causes X, or whether both are caused by another variable.
What is a third variable problem.
500
Research strategy where neither experimenter nor subjects know which subjects are in the experimental group or control group.
What is double-blind procedure.
500
This person has been a prominent defender of the value of animal research in psychology stating, "Is it worth sacrificing the lives of our children in order to stop experiments, most of which involve no pain, on a vastly smaller number of mice, rats, dogs and cats?"
Who is Neal Miller.
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