The Earth's Layers
Plate Tectonics
Mountain Building
Vocabulary
Earthquakes/Volcanoes
100
What is the state of matter of the outer core?
Liquid
100
What does the theory of continental drift explain?
why continents move
100
What fold has an upward arch?
anticline
100
Define: Dormant
A volcano that hasn't erupted in a long time
100
Active plates circling the Pacific Ocean is called
the Rinf of Fire
200
Which layer makes up the greatest percentage of the Earth's mass?
Mantle
200
What do scientists use the global positioning system for?
to measure tectonic plate motion
200
What is the process of the Earth rising vertically called?
Uplift
200
Define: Core
Lower layer of the Earth composed mostly of iron
200
Once magma reaches the surface, it is called?
Lava
300
Write a sentence using these three words: dense, iron, oxygen
Iron is more dense than oxygen
300
What is the area where two tectonic plates meet called?
boundary
300
When tension breaks a rock, what fault is created?
Normal
300
Define: Divergent Boundary
The movement of two tectonic plates separating
300
Seismic waves help us determine what geological event?
Earthquakes
400
The ______________ is the layer of the earth where tectonic plates move
Asthenosphere
400
How does fossil evidence support Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift?
Similar fossils found on far apart landmasses suggest that the continents were once a single landmass.
400
Fault block mountains are created due to
tension in the ground and the stress causes the rock to fall and create mountains with jagged edges
400
Define: Sea Floor Spreading
the process that happens along mid-ocean ridges where divergent boundaries are responsible for spreading and creating new oceanic floor
400
Volcanoes with a pyroclastic flow are dangerous because
they erupt avalanches of ash and poisonous gas is admitted into the air
500
Name the layers that are solid
crust mantle & inner core lithosphere, astheonsphere, mesosphere, inner core
500
What is the cause of movement of plate tectonics?
Convection
500
Folded mountains grow due to
a convergent boundary consistently moving inward which collides the land together
500
Define: uplift
vertical raise of the earth's surface
500
Scientists were able to find out the structure of the interior of the Earth by the use of seismic waves. When a wave passed through a solid versus a liquid, what happens?
The wave moves faster through solids than liquids
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