The Revolutionary War!

Part 1: What caused this whole thing?

100

The colonists became angry because they had no representatives in the British government to vote on laws or taxes. This led to what popular battlecry?

What is No taxation without representation

200

Name the act that ordered colonists to shelter and feed British soldiers in their own homes

What is the Quartering Act

300

On March 5, 1770, the bad feelings between Patriot colonists and British soldiers in Boston erupted into violence. News of this event spread throughout the 13 colonies. It became known as...

The Boston Massacre

400

In one of the most famous protests in American history, patriot colonists dressed as Native Americans and dumped 90,000 pounds of British tea into the harbour. This event is known as...

The Boston Tea Party

500

Put the Following Causes of the American Revoultion in order and match the descriptions. 1. Townsend Act 2. Boston Tea Party 3. Quartering Act 4. French and Indian War 5. Stamp Act 6. Intolerable Acts 7. Proclamation of 1763 8. Boston Massacre A. colonists shot by British soldiers B. King's punishment to colonists for Boston Tea Party C. taxes on all printed materials D. prevented colonists from settling west of Appalachian Mountains E. taxes on all imported goods F. taxing colonists to pay for war G. British Soldiers housed in colonists' homes H. colonists protest tax on tea

4F 7D 3G 5C 1E 8A 2H 6B

Part 2: How it all began...

100

Create a Patriot and Loyalist T-Chart. Come up with a combination of five pieces of information, people, facts, belifes, etc for each side

Patriots: 2/5 of the population, lawyers, merchants, Ben franklin, Sam Adams, Mercy Otis Warren, wanted independence from Britain, no more king, protests, etc. Loyalists: 1/5 of population, rich landwoners, governors, Lord Dunmore, Thomas Hutchinson, Jonathan Boucher, loyal to King George III, not in favor of independence, etc.

200

Name the famous midnight rider and what he famously shouted to alert the colonists.

A Paul Revere, “The British are Coming!”

300

What were the three major decisions Patriot leaders faced at the Second Continental Congress?

We need an army, we need a leader, we need to decide if we are going to declare independence from Britain.

400

The popular book titled, Common Sense convinced many Americans that it was time to break declare independence from Britain. Who was the author?

Thomas Paine aka T Paine

500

The document that announced that the American colonies were breaking away from Britain is called?

The Declaration of Independence

Part 3: How we won!

100

It's the Spring of 1776, and the city of Boston is under British control. General George Washington knows he needs more powerful weapons to drive the British out. Meanwhile, Ethan Allen and The Green Mountain Boys' surprise and capture the British at Fort Ticonderoga. This was an important early victory for the Americans because they not only seized a fort, but they also...

captured badly needed British cannons to drive the British out of Boston

200

After the victory at Boston, Washington's army suffered several defeats in New York City, and ended up retreating back to Pennsylvania. This was a low point for the Americans. Short on food and clothing, the soldiers were often sick, cold, and hungry. Washington decided it was time to make a move. On the night of December 25th, 1776, General Washington and his army crossed an icy river to launch a surprise attack on the city of Trenton in the early hours of the morning. The plan worked! They captured nearly 1,000 Hessians (German mercenaries). What was the name of the icy river they crossed that night?

The Delaware River

300

When winter ended, the British went on the offensive again. Led by General John Burgoyne, they sailed south on Lake Champlain with 7,000 soldiers. His goal was to capture Albany, New York, and then continue south on the Hudson River. By controlling the Lake and the Hudson River, the British could cut the United States in two. Burgoyne predicted that this would end the American Revolution. The Americans had other ideas. General Benedict Arnold and his large army was growing by the day. Volunteers from nearby towns poured into the Patriot camp. A Polish engineer who had joined the Americans, designed a fort to stop the British advance. The battle that followed is often called the turning point in the war. Name the legendary battle and who won.

The Battle of Saratoga, Continental Army

400

List two ways that women contributed to the war effort?

They led boycotts, raised money, cooked, sewed, helped wounded soldiers, wrote about the cause, and even helped in battle.

500

The victory at Saratoga may have been the turning point of the Revolution, but the war was far from over. In late 1777, the British captured Philadelphia, Washington's army marched to Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, and set up camp for the winter. Thousands of Washington's men lost their lives at Valley Forge. List three ways they died.

hunger, freezing weather, disease

Different Strokes for different folks

100

Create a T-chart showing the differences between the British and Continental armies. Come up with a combination of five pieces of information, people, facts, belifes, etc for each side

British Army: offensive strategy, red professional uniforms, well trained, experienced, largest army and navy in the world, superior weapons and ships, etc Continental Army: volunteers, little money, little discipline, minutemen, small militias, inexperienced, inferior weapons and ships, no uniforms

200

Why do you think other nations contributed to the American War effort? Please detail your answer in complete sentences.

Possible answers: They saw an opportunity for revenge against the British from past wars, there was something in it for them financially, they would end up getting more land, etc

300

In December 1778, the British army captured Savannah, Georgia. This was the start of a new strategy for the British. They had been unable to the defeat the Americans in the North, so they travelled to the loyalist south. But southern Patriots rose up to oppose the British. The Continental Army began using hit-and-run tactics to frustrate and discourage the British. Militia leaders like Francis Marion became famous for using guerilla warfare on the British Army? Explain what hit-and-run and guerilla warfare tactics are in complete sentences

hit and run: surprise attack, then retreat and repeat guerilla warfare: sharpshooters hiding in trees shooting British soldiers one by one.

400

List at least two challenges the British army faced by fighting so far away from home.

1. hard to get supplies, orders, and soldiers to the war 2. supply ships attacked by privateers and French warships 3. did not know the land 4. no local support

500

The American Revolution entered its sixth year in 1780. Patriot forces in the south were now under the command of Nathaneal Greene. Greene's strategy was to use the open spaces of the south to his advantage. He forced the British under General Charles Cornwallis to chase his army back and forth across North and South Carolina. When Greene saw a good opportunity, he would turn and fight, then continue moving. This strategy began to wear down the British army. In Apirl, 1781, Cornwallis decided to take his army north. They set up camp at Yorktown, Virgina, a port on Chesapeake Bay. Meanwhile, General Washington were hundreds of miles to the north. When he learned that the British were setting up camp at Yorktown, he formed a new plan. Describe what happened next at the Battle of Yorktown

The Americans and the French Fleet surrounded the British at Yorktown and forced General Cornwallis to surrender.

Extreme ?s

100

What motivated soldiers in the Continental army?

defending the rights described in the Declaration of Independence, fighting for a better future for themselves and their families, and defending their homes

200

The Continental Army was most successful when it utilized defensive strategies. Name at least two defensive tactics used by the Continental Army.

1. avoiding facing the British in the open 2. making surprise attacks against British soldiers in the countryside 3. using hidden sharpshooters to pick off British troops, one by one

300

Small Pox was sweeping through the camp at Valley Forge. What decision did General Washington make to save many of his men from this deadly disease? Explain.

He allowed Innoculation. Kind of like the flu shot. By carefully administering a sample of the disease to someone who has not been previously infected, it allows the body to create antibodys to fight it off for good.

400

Who did Patriot sharpshooters target when they fired on British troops?

Native American guides and British Generals/ high ranking officers.

500

The commitees of correspondence played an important role in getting messages to and from colonies, cities, and battlefields. The British were aware of these express riders, and did all they could to stop them. One way the patriots outsmarted them was the use of...

Invisable Ink!