Section 1
What geographical advantages does the Italian landscape have over the Greek landscape?
Less rugged mountains
What happened in 494 B.C? Describe the council of plebs.
Roman plebians went on strike to get equal rights. They refused to serve in the army and tried to leave the city to set up their own government. The patricians allowed the Plebians to set up their own representation in the government called the council of plebs. They were allowed tribunes that had the right to veto government decisions.
Who was Julius Caesar? How was he viewed by the common people of Rome?
Military hero and Rome’s most famous leader, loved by common people thought of like a hero
What was the most important aspect of Rome’s thriving economy?
Agriculture
Who are the good Emperors?
Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius
What is the legend of Romulus and Remus?
Founded the city of Rome
Who was Cincinnatus?
The best-known early Roman dictator of the Republic
What were Caesar's reforms? Do any of them impact us today?
Granted citizenship to people living outside Rome’s territory, gave landless people land, ordered landowners to use paid workers and not enslaved people, gave jobs to the unemployed. These reforms made Caesar popular with the common people of Rome
Who was Augustus? What is he known for?
Known for ruling a long era of peace that lasted about 200 years. He built a permeant professional army known as the Praetorian guard. Rebuilt Rome, imported grain to feed the poor, made tax collectors government workers
Who was Caligula?
Ruled after Tiberius before Claudius
Who were the Etruscans and what were they good at?
Skilled in metalworking
What were the Twelve Tables? When were they put in place?
Adopted in 451 B.C and Rome’s first code of laws written down
Who was Cicero? What did he speak about? How did he feel about dictators?
Rome’s greatest public speaker that spoke out against dictatorships
Who was Nero? What is he known for?
A ruthless leader, known for playing the fiddle while Rome burned in A.D 54
How did Augustus pave the way for 200 years of peace and prosperity? (Name two things he did)
Built a permanent, professional army, as well as the Praetorian Guard, to protect the emperor. He rebuilt Rome. He imported grain to feed the poor. He improved Rome's government.
Who did the Romans overthrow to set up a form of government where the people were treated fairly?
Tarquins
Who did Rome fight in the Punic wars?
Carthage
What reforms did Julius Caesar introduce to Rome? (name 2)
Creating physical structures, rebuilding cities and temples,
Who was Vespasian? What is he known for?
Starting construction of the colosseum
What does Pax Romana mean and what happened during the time?
Means Roman Peace and Augustus, the empire expanded to its greatest size, reached a population of 70 million, and saw massive infrastructure growth (roads, aqueducts) and cultural flourishing.
Describe Roman soldiers? What were they good at?
Tough, good fighters and practical problem solvers
What was the Council of Plebs and how did it develop?
When the Plebians went on strike against the Patricaians because they weren't being treated fairly
Who was Trajan? What is he known for?
Setting the boundaries of the empire at the Rhine and Danube rivers