Sedimentary
are loose materials such as Rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of shell that have been moved by wind, water, ice , or gravity.
Sediments
Rocks that have changed because of changes in temperature and presence of hot, watery fluids are known as
Metamorphic rocks
When hot magma cools and hardens it forms
Igneous rocks
A is a mixture of such minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials.
Rock
is carried in solution in ocean water. When calcium carbonate(CaCO3) comes out of solution as calcite and it’s many crystals grow together forming
Limestone
forms when sediments are pressed and cemented together, or when minerals form from solutions
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rocks form from
Igneous, sedimentary, or other Metamorphic rocks.
n certain places on this earth the temperature and pressure are just right for rocks to melt and form
magma
To show how rocks slowly change through time , scientists have created a model called the
Rock cycle
When water that is rich in dissolved salt it often deposits the mineral halite. This is what forms
Rock salt
Sedimentary rocks can be made of just about every material found in
Nature
Heat, pressure, and trigger these changes.
Hot fluids
Rocks that form from Magma below the surface
Intrusive Igneous
a Scottish Physician and naturalist, first recognized in 1788 that rocks undergo Profound changes who created the rock cycle
James Hutton
Rocks made of the remains of once living things are called
Organic Sedimentary rocks
come from weathered and eroded igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks
Sediments
When mineral grains line up in parallel layers, the metamorphic rock is said to have a texture.
Foliated
Rocks that are formed as lava cools on the surface of the earth.
Extrusive Igneous
Hutton noticed, among other things , that some layers of solid rock in Siccar point, was altered since it
had been formed
_________is another useful organic sedimentary rock
Coal
The word comes from the Latin word Detritus which means to wear away.
Detrital
Two examples of foliated rocks are
Slate and Gneiss
Give me one of the three types of Volcanic glass
pumice, obsidian,scoria
Which of the following is NOT a process involved in the rock cycle?
A) Weathering and erosion
B) Compaction and cementation
C) Photosynthesis
D) Melting and cooling
C. Photosynthesis
__________Rocks have granular textures, like granulated sugar.
Detrital
In some metamorphic rocks, layering does not not occur. This process is called
Non foliated texture
are dense, dark-colored rocks. They form from magma that is rich in iron and and magnesium and poor in silica , which is the compound SiO2
Basaltic igneous rocks
How is chalk made
Microscopic shells
The movement of weathered material is called
Erosion
is another non foliated metamorphic rock
Marble
are light- colored rocks of a lower density than basaltic rocks. Granitic magma is thick and stiff and contains lots of silica but lesser amounts of iron an and magnesium.
Granite igneous rocks
What can coal be used for
Generating electricity and fuel
If the sediments are small they will stick together and form solid rock. This process is called
Compaction
Artists often use marble to because it is not as hard. Other rocks are often to hard
Sculpt
have mineral compositions between those of basaltic and granitic rocks.
Andesitic Igneous rocks
____________________occurs when minerals such as quartz, calcite, and hematite are deposited between the pieces of sediment.
Cementation
Rocks beneath earth’s surface are under great ____ from the rock layers above them.
pressure
form when dissolved minerals come out of a solution.
Chemical sedimentary rocks