Vocabulary
a form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain people have the right to vote
What is a republic?
Italy is a ______ that juts out into the ________ sea
What is a peninsula? What is the Mediterranean sea?
What was Carthage?
people who took power from the Senators in Rome
Who were the aristocrats?
Octavian Caesar AKA Octavius AKA Augustus
a wealthy powerful landowner vs. merchants, minor landholders, craftspeople, and small farmers
What is a patrician? What is a plebian?
_____ moved and settled in Italy first. Then came the ______ who cultivated and influenced Rome. Finally, the _______ came and took over, turning Rome into a city.
Who were the Latins AKA Indo-Europeans? Who were the Greeks? Who were the Etruscans?
First Punic War starts when Rome sends an army to ______, where both armies fight to control it.
What is Sicily?
the largest percent of Roman population
What were small farmers?
Augustus could overrule these people to maintain his own policies
Who were the senatorial governors?
commander in chief; not absolute vs. absolute ruler
What is an imperator? What is a dictator?
The Etruscans were overthrown to form a _____ which was ruled by the _______________. There were ____ for the next 250 years.
What is a republic? What is the Roman Confederation? What are wars?
this country was added to the Carthaginian territory to make up for the loss of Sicily
What was Spain?
Roman generals who promised army recruits land and demanded loyalty only to themsleves
Who was Marius? Who was Lucius Cornelius Sulla?
Augustus had an army of about 151,000 men, or 28 _____. This general killed three of them.
What were legions? Who was Varus?
a government by three with equally shared power
What is a triumvirate?
Romans were good ______, excelled in ________ matters, were brilliant ________, and were practical in _____ and _______.
What were diplomats? What is a military? What were strategists? What are law and politics?
During the 2nd Punic War,______, a Carthaginian general who vowed revenge against Rome, entered Spain, moved east and crossed the _____. He brought a huge army with ____ ______. Carthage lost ______ and Rome chased down the general.
Who was Hannibal? What were the Alps? What are battle elephants? What is Spain?
the three men who made up the First Triumvirate
Who were Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus?
Augustus tried to conquer this country, but failed. Instead he spread his control over the central and maritime Alps, the Balkan peninsula, and travelled up the Danube river.
What is Germany?
the dominant male head of the household in Roman social structure
What is a paterfamilias?
The chief executive officers were the _______ and _______. After them came the 300 man body called the Roman ______. They turned into the ______ for the patricians, and the _____ __ ____ for the plebians. The first Roman Code of law was the _____ _______. Then came the ____ ___ ______.
Who were consuls and praetors? What was the Senate? The centuriate? The council of plebs? What was the Twelve Tables? The Law of Nations?
Fifty years later, Rome fought the final war, the Third Punic War. Here, Rome sought to completely ______ Carthage, which they did by the end. The territory of Carthage became a Roman province called ______. Also there was the first province of Rome, which was ______.
What is it to destroy? What is Africa? What is Pergamum?
the three men who made up the Send Triumvirate
Who were Octavius Caesar, Antonius, and Lepidus?
The Augustan Age was a time of wars and Augustus believed these weakened the strength of _______. He rebuilt many temples. The Senate declared Augustus god.
What was public religion?