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Who was Nicholas II?
Nicholas II was the last tsar of Russia under Romanov rule.
What was the Duma?
Was an elected semi-representative body in Russia from 1906 to 1917.
What was the Bolshevik's slogan?
Bread, peace, land.
The red army believed in what?
Communism.
What is the USSR?
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republic; the new name given to Russia under Lenin.
What is Marxism?
It examines the effect of capitalism on labor, productivity, and economic development and argues for a worker revolution to overturn capitalism in favor of communism.
What was one of the causes of the 1917 revolution?
-Mass Discontent: Low morale among the soldiers and the people.
-Dissident Elite: Elites siding with peasants in political opposition to the Czar.
-Unifying Motivations: Anti-war, Anti-Czar, and Socialism.
-Severe Political Crisis: Ineffective government.
or
- Permissive World Context: WWI
What is Duma?
A legislative body in the ruling assembly of Russia and of some other republics of the former Soviet Union.
The white army believed in what?
They opposed communism.
Who were Social Democrats?
A group of Marxists believed that a worldwide revolution would begin in Russia with the workers, and they were divided into the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks.
What was one of Alexander II's reforms?
- emancipated the peasants.
- created a new representative local government: zemstvos.
- Limited the use and authority of the secret police.
- Eased restrictions on the press.
- Modernized the judicial system.
- Expanded the educational system.
or
- Reorganized the Russian Army.
Why was Nicholas II unpopular?
-Czar was politically incompetent.
-The Czar and his wife’s reliance on the mystic healer Grigori Rasputin.
and
-Food and fuel shortages; inflation.
What happened during the February Revolution?
March 8, 1917: 100,000s men and women marched on Petrograd They were demanding food, an end to the war, and shouting “Down with the Czar!”
This caused the Czar to abdicate and ends the 300 year long Romanov dynasty.
Which two factions fought during the Russian Civil War?
Reds and Whites
What was the Bolshevik Party?
A political party that wanted Russia to lead an immediate worldwide revolution; it gained control of Russia by getting elected to the soviets by promising to leave World War I.
What happened on Bloody Sunday, Jan 22, 1905?
200,000 workers peacefully marched to the Czar’s palace in Petrograd to present a petition for reform. The palace guards, by order of Nicholas II, fired onto the crowd killing hundreds. This caused a series of protests.
Who Killed Rasputin and why?
He was murdered by Russian nobles eager to end his influence over the royal family.
What were one of Lenin's Demands?
-The war to be brought to an end and Russia should withdraw itself from the war.
-Land to be transferred to the peasants, thus feudalism to be banned.
or
-Banks be nationalized.
Who was Trotsky?
A Russian Marxist revolutionary, political theorist, and politician.
Who was Alexander Kerensky?
He was one of the key political figures between March and October 1917, when he was a minister and later Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government.
What was the October Manifesto?
A document issued by the emperor Nicholas II that in effect marked the end of unlimited autocracy in Russia and ushered in an era of constitutional monarchy. Threatened by the events of the Russian Revolution of 1905, Nicholas faced the choice of establishing a military dictatorship or granting a constitution.
Grigori Rasputin had influence over the Royal family because.
He is accredited to have been the personal healer to Nicholas’s son, Alexis, who had hemophilia.
What did Stalin do in the Russian revolution?
During the Russian Revolution of 1905, organized and armed Bolshevik militias across Georgia, running protection rackets and waging guerrilla warfare.
How did Lenin gain power?
True or false
Did Nicholas and his whole family get executed?
True.